Q: A solution has a pH of 4. What is the hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for its ability to moderate temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Its high heat of vaporization

Question 2

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the molecules of ice farther apart than in liquid water

Question 4

Which functional group is present in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 5

A molecule with the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ can exist as both glucose and fructose. These two molecules are:

Accepted Answer

Structural isomers

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between cis and trans isomers?

Accepted Answer

Cis isomers have substituents on the same side of a double bond, while trans isomers have them on opposite sides

Question 7

Which of the following statements about protein structure is correct?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure is stabilized by interactions between R groups of amino acids

Question 8

During hydrolysis, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule is added to break a covalent bond between monomers

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the relationship between DNA, RNA, and protein in the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein

Question 10

A mutation in the DNA sequence of a gene can result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A change in the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Protein – amino acid

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why buffers are important in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

They minimize changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen ions

Question 13

Which of the following functional groups is found in ATP and is critical for energy transfer in cells?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group ($$-PO_4$^{2-})$$

Question 14

A researcher is comparing the means of two data sets and wants to determine if the difference is statistically significant. Which statistical measure should they use?

Accepted Answer

Standard error of the mean (SEM)

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A double helix with antiparallel strands held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction in which two monomers are joined by removing a water molecule

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the four levels of protein structure is correct?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary structure involves the association of multiple polypeptide chains

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why enantiomers can have different biological activities?

Accepted Answer

They have different spatial arrangements, which can interact differently with enzymes and receptors

Question 19

A patient is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia, a disease caused by a single amino acid substitution in the hemoglobin protein. This is an example of a change in which level of protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of hydrogen bonding in the structure of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds create cohesion between water molecules, leading to surface tension and other unique properties

General Biology Study Guide: Water, Functional Groups, Macromolecules, and Protein Structure

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드