Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the hierarchy of biological organization from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organism, Organ System, Organ, Tissue, Cell, Organelle, Molecule, Atom

Question 2

Which property of water allows ice to float on liquid water, and why is this important for aquatic life?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water because hydrogen bonds form a lattice structure, providing insulation for aquatic organisms.

Question 3

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, and the other does not. What is the control group in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The group that does not receive the fertilizer

Question 4

Which of the following is a trace element essential for thyroid hormone production in vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A chemical bond where atoms share electrons

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 4. How many times more acidic is it than a solution with a pH of 7?

Accepted Answer

$$10^3$$

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a property of life?

Accepted Answer

Evaporative cooling

Question 8

Which domain includes single-celled organisms found in extreme environments?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 9

Which of the following statements about controlled experiments is correct?

Accepted Answer

They include both an experimental group and a control group to compare results.

Question 10

Which of the following molecules is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 11

A buffer is important in biological systems because it:

Accepted Answer

Resists changes in pH by accepting or donating $$H^+$$ ions

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction?

Accepted Answer

A process where monomers bond by removing water to form polymers

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

It is the number of protons in the atom's nucleus

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme catalysis

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with an uneven distribution of charges

Question 16

Which of the following is true about electron shells?

Accepted Answer

An electron shell is a region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are most likely to be found.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down starch into glucose molecules by adding water

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with 2 fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a hydrophilic head

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why water has a high surface tension?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism due to a deficiency in a trace element. Which element is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

General Biology Unit 1: Hierarchy, Properties of Life, Chemistry, and Macromolecules

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