Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

According to Darwin's theory of descent with modification, which evolutionary process is primarily responsible for the diversity of life on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 3

Which of the following best describes an emergent property in biology?

Accepted Answer

A trait that arises from the interaction of parts at each level of biological organization

Question 4

Which level of biological organization is defined as 'all organisms of the same species living in the same area'?

Accepted Answer

Population

Question 5

A scientist is testing the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. The group of plants that does NOT receive the fertilizer is called the:

Accepted Answer

Control group

Question 6

In a chemical reaction, the number of atoms in the reactants must equal the number of atoms in the products. This principle is known as:

Accepted Answer

Conservation of mass

Question 7

Which of the following best describes an anion?

Accepted Answer

A negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains one or more electrons

Question 8

The chemical behavior of an atom is determined primarily by:

Accepted Answer

The number of electrons in the outermost shell (valence shell)

Question 9

How many electrons can the third electron shell hold?

Accepted Answer

$$18$$

Question 10

Which type of chemical bond is the strongest in water?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 11

Which atom is typically the most electronegative among organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 12

Which of the following best explains the difference between a polar covalent bond and a nonpolar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bonds share electrons unequally, while nonpolar covalent bonds share electrons equally

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of increased CO$$_2$$ emissions in marine ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Lower pH leading to ocean acidification and formation of dead zones

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a hydrophobic substance?

Accepted Answer

Oil

Question 15

Which property of water allows it to support life by enabling the transport of nutrients and waste in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 16

In a scientific experiment, which variable is plotted on the x-axis of a graph?

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Question 17

Which of the following is a requirement for a useful scientific hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

It must lead to predictions that can be tested and can be proven false

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct balanced chemical equation for the reaction: $$4 	ext{NH}_3 + 5 	ext{O}_2 \rightarrow 	ext{NO} + 	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$4 	ext{NH}_3 + 5 	ext{O}_2 \rightarrow 4 	ext{NO} + 6 	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride (NaCl)

General Biology Unit 1 Study Guide: Themes, Scientific Method, and Chemistry of Life

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