Question 1

Which of the following best describes the correct order of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atom → molecule → cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism → population → community → ecosystem → biosphere

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of homeostasis in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that all organisms have the same habitat requirements

Question 3

A scientist is testing the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, the other does not. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The type of fertilizer used

Question 4

Which of the following statements about isotopes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, but different numbers of neutrons

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why water is a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, causing unequal sharing of electrons

Question 6

A buffer system in the blood helps maintain pH by:

Accepted Answer

Releasing or absorbing hydrogen ions ($$\mathrm{H^+}) to $$resist changes in pH

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Two hydrogen atoms sharing electrons to form $$\mathrm{H_2$}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A water molecule is added to break a bond between two monomers

Question 9

Which macromolecule contains a carboxyl group ($$-\mathrm{COOH}) as a $$functional group?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 10

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for reactions

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct difference between a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the mass number of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Mass\ number = Number\ of\ protons + Number\ of\ neutrons}$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}) $$dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

The positive and negative ends of water molecules surround and separate the $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ and $$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$ ions

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct example of a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE about experimental controls?

Accepted Answer

A control group is used for comparison and does not receive the experimental treatment

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond formed between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a condensation (dehydration synthesis) reaction?

Accepted Answer

Joining two glucose molecules to form maltose and releasing a water molecule

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating pH?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides energy for cellular processes

General Biology: Unit 2 Study Guide – Honors Bio

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