Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the formation of a meniscus in a graduated cylinder?

Accepted Answer

Adhesion

Question 2

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M. What is the pH of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 4$$

Question 3

Which functional group is responsible for the acidic properties of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice create a lattice that is less dense than liquid water

Question 5

Which type of isomerism is illustrated by glucose and fructose?

Accepted Answer

Structural isomerism

Question 6

A buffer solution contains a weak acid and its conjugate base. What is its primary function in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a stable pH by minimizing changes in $$[H^+]$$ and $$[OH^-]$$

Question 7

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for genetic information storage and transmission?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 8

Which of the following statements about carbon is correct?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form four covalent bonds with other atoms

Question 9

Which process involves the breakdown of polymers into monomers by the addition of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 10

A patient is suffering from metabolic acidosis. Which buffer system in the blood helps to minimize changes in pH?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2CO$_3 ($$carbonic acid) buffer

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between cis and trans isomers?

Accepted Answer

They have the same covalent bonds but differ in spatial arrangement due to inflexibility of double bonds

Question 12

Which property of water allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form hydration shells around ions

Question 13

Which of the following is a polysaccharide that serves as a major energy storage molecule in plants?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 14

Which chemical group is found in all amino acids and is responsible for their basic properties?

Accepted Answer

Amino group

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why sweating helps cool the body?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation of sweat absorbs heat due to water's high heat of vaporization

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Accepted Answer

Monomers are joined together to form polymers by condensation reactions

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the specific heat of water?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high specific heat, so it resists temperature changes

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of a solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

Question 19

Which of the following is true about cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose is a polymer of glucose with $$\beta-$$glycosidic linkages

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in hydrolysis reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up hydrolysis reactions by lowering activation energy

General Biology: Water, Carbon, and the Molecular Basis of Life

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