Question 1

Which of the following best describes a macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

A large molecule formed by joining many smaller molecules together

Question 2

Based on the diets shown in the tables, which macromolecule is most abundant in the lion's diet?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 3

Which element is found in proteins but not in carbohydrates or lipids?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Question 4

What type of reaction joins two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide, releasing water in the process?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 5

If an elephant's diet is primarily composed of cellulose, which macromolecule is it mainly consuming?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why lipids provide more energy per gram than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Lipids contain more carbon-hydrogen bonds, which store more energy

Question 7

A hydrolysis reaction is important in digestion because it:

Accepted Answer

Breaks down large molecules into smaller ones using water

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for a monosaccharide such as glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 9

During the formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids, what is released?

Accepted Answer

A molecule of water

Question 10

If breaking one peptide bond releases 10 kcal of energy, how much energy is released when 5 peptide bonds are broken?

Accepted Answer

$$10 	imes 5 = 50$$ kcal

Question 11

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP is a small molecule that stores energy in its phosphate bonds

Question 12

A lion's diet is high in protein. After digestion, what are the main products absorbed into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why elephants need to consume large amounts of plant material?

Accepted Answer

Plant material is low in energy and nutrients, so elephants must eat more to meet their needs

Question 14

Which process is responsible for breaking down cellulose in the elephant's digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 15

If a farmer wants to maximize the amount of energy obtained from a field, which would be more efficient: raising cattle or growing corn? Why?

Accepted Answer

Growing corn, because less energy is lost through trophic levels compared to raising cattle

Question 16

Which of the following is a similarity among carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?

Accepted Answer

All contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 17

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 18

A triglyceride is formed from which components?

Accepted Answer

Three fatty acids and one glycerol

Question 19

If an elephant is missing nitrogen in its diet, which macromolecule will it have difficulty synthesizing?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of starch in plants?

Accepted Answer

Stores glucose as an energy reserve for later use

Macromolecules and Energy in Animal Diets: Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins

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