Question 1

Which of the following best describes a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A large molecule made from the bonding of repeating subunits called monomers.

Question 2

During dehydration synthesis, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

Monomers are joined together and a water molecule is produced.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the dehydration synthesis of two amino acids to form a dipeptide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Amino\ Acid}_1 + \mathrm{Amino\ Acid}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{Dipeptide} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 4

A freshwater eel is placed in a hypertonic solution. What is the most likely outcome for the eel?

Accepted Answer

The eel will lose water and shrink.

Question 5

Which process is responsible for the formation of polymers from monomers in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 6

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will gain water and swell.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct definition of a monomer?

Accepted Answer

A subunit of a polymer, such as an amino acid.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why dehydration synthesis is important in the production of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

It allows monomers to bond and form polymers, releasing water as a byproduct.

Question 9

A scientist observes that a cell placed in a solution begins to swell. What can be inferred about the solution?

Accepted Answer

The solution is hypotonic compared to the cell.

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moving from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a semi-permeable membrane.

Question 11

Which equation represents the hydrolysis of a polymer?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Polymer} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{Monomer}_1 + \mathrm{Monomer}_2$$

Question 12

A marine eel is adapted to live in a hypertonic environment. What adaptation would you expect to find in its cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells that prevent excessive water loss to avoid dehydration.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about covalent bonds in polymers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds are formed between monomers during dehydration synthesis.

Question 14

Which process would you expect to occur during digestion of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 15

A student mixes a plant cell in a solution and observes that the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall. What type of solution was the cell placed in?

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a polymer found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are formed by the bonding of monomers.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Salt being poured onto a slug causing it to shrivel.

Question 19

Which process is most likely to occur when a cell is placed in an isotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

There is no net movement of water into or out of the cell.

Macromolecules and Solutions: Key Concepts in General Biology

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