Question 1

Which process is responsible for joining monomers together to form macromolecules such as polysaccharides and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration reaction

Question 2

A student is analyzing a carbohydrate that is a polymer of glucose and is found in potatoes and grains. Which polysaccharide is the student most likely studying?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 3

Which of the following statements about hydrolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It breaks down polymers into monomers by adding a water molecule.

Question 4

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for catalyzing chemical reactions in cells?

Accepted Answer

Proteins (enzymes)

Question 5

A mutation causes a protein to lose its specific three-dimensional structure. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation

Question 6

Which of the following is a major source of ATP for cells during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 7

Which type of fatty acid contains one or more double bonds in its hydrocarbon tail and is typically liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acid

Question 8

What is the covalent bond called that links amino acids together in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 9

Which polysaccharide is found in the cell walls of fungi and the exoskeletons of arthropods?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 10

A scientist discovers a molecule that is hydrophobic, consists mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms, and is used for long-term energy storage in animals. Which class of biological molecule does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Lipid

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a monomer?

Accepted Answer

The subunit that serves as a building block of a polymer

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the general formula for a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n}O_n$$

Question 14

Which process is used to break down polysaccharides into monosaccharides during digestion?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 15

A patient is unable to digest cellulose. Which statement best explains why?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzymes to hydrolyze the bonds in cellulose

Question 16

Which of the following statements about glycogen is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is an extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in animals

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of a polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

A chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of antibodies in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Binding to and neutralizing foreign molecules

Question 19

Which of the following statements about lipids is true?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are mostly hydrophobic and insoluble in water

Question 20

A researcher is studying a protein that misfolds and causes a neurodegenerative disease. Which property of proteins is most relevant to this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Protein function depends on its specific three-dimensional structure

Macromolecules: Structure and Function in Cells

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