Q: Which equation best represents the hydrolysis of ATP during active transport?

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + \text{energy}$$

Q: Which equation represents the net movement of water during osmosis across a selectively permeable membrane?

$$\text{Water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, enabling them to form a bilayer with hydrophobic tails facing inward and hydrophilic heads facing outward.

Question 2

According to the fluid mosaic model, which statement is correct about membrane structure?

Accepted Answer

The membrane consists of a mosaic of protein molecules bobbing in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids.

Question 3

How does cholesterol affect membrane fluidity at different temperatures in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol restrains movement of phospholipids at moderate temperatures, but prevents tight packing and solidification at low temperatures.

Question 4

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell and why?

Accepted Answer

Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink or shrivel.

Question 5

Which type of membrane protein is most likely to be involved in cell recognition and immune response?

Accepted Answer

Glycoproteins

Question 6

Which equation best represents the hydrolysis of ATP during active transport?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 7

Which of the following molecules can most easily diffuse through the lipid bilayer without the aid of a transport protein?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O}_2)$$

Question 8

A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will gain water, become turgid, and maintain its normal shape.

Question 9

Which process is responsible for the uptake of cholesterol into animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 10

What is the main function of the sodium-potassium pump in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a higher concentration of potassium ions inside the cell and a higher concentration of sodium ions outside the cell.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the help of transport proteins.

Question 12

Which equation represents the net movement of water during osmosis across a selectively permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration}$$

Question 13

Which type of transport protein is responsible for creating membrane potential by moving ions against their electrochemical gradient?

Accepted Answer

Electrogenic pump

Question 14

In the context of membrane transport, what is cotransport?

Accepted Answer

The active transport of one solute directly coupled to the passive transport of another solute down its concentration gradient.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of phospholipids

Question 16

A patient with familial hypercholesterolemia has defective LDL receptor proteins. What is the physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol accumulates in the blood, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the movement of phospholipids in the membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids mainly move laterally within the same layer of the bilayer.

Question 18

Which type of endocytosis is most specific for the uptake of certain molecules?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why membranes rich in unsaturated fatty acids are more fluid at lower temperatures?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have kinked tails that prevent tight packing, maintaining fluidity.

Membrane Structure and Function – Chapter 7 Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드