$$\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 6 \text{CO}_2 + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, combining with electrons and protons to form water.

Question 2

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6 	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 6 	ext{CO}_2 + 6 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 3

Which process in cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

What is the main function of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To serve as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during redox reactions

Question 5

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy barrier, speeding up reactions.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between catabolic and anabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic pathways release energy by breaking down complex molecules, while anabolic pathways consume energy to build complex molecules.

Question 7

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules produced per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why ATP is considered the 'energy currency' of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP can transfer a phosphate group to other molecules, driving endergonic reactions.

Question 9

Which of the following is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

Every energy transfer increases the entropy of the universe.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about feedback inhibition is correct?

Accepted Answer

Feedback inhibition occurs when the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme involved early in the pathway.

Question 11

In the context of photosynthesis, what is the primary function of the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

To produce ATP and NADPH for the Calvin cycle

Question 12

Which molecule is oxidized during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 13

What is the main purpose of fermentation in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD+ so glycolysis can continue

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the induced fit model of enzyme function?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme changes shape slightly to fit the substrate more snugly.

Question 15

Which of the following is a product of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the Calvin cycle is sometimes called the 'dark reactions'?

Accepted Answer

It does not require direct light to proceed.

Question 17

Which of the following wavelengths of light are most effective in driving photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Red and blue

Question 18

What is the main function of ATP synthase in the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using the proton gradient

Question 19

Which of the following statements about chemiosmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis involves the movement of protons down their concentration gradient to drive ATP synthesis.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the fate of lactate produced in muscle cells during intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

It is transported to the liver, where it can be converted back to pyruvate.

Metabolism, Cellular Respiration, and Photosynthesis: Core Concepts and Pathways

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