Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome number in the resulting cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces two diploid cells, while meiosis produces four haploid cells.

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 3

A researcher observes a cell with chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell, attached to spindle fibers. Which stage of mitosis is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 4

Which of the following events increases genetic variation during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over during prophase I

Question 5

In animal cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by which of the following mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Cleavage furrow formation

Question 6

If a diploid cell with $$2n = 8$$ chromosomes undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will each resulting gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 7

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before proceeding with division?

Accepted Answer

M checkpoint

Question 8

A mutation prevents the formation of the cleavage furrow in an animal cell. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will have two nuclei but remain as one cell.

Question 9

Which of the following best defines homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes that carry the same genes but may have different alleles

Question 10

A plant cell is observed forming a cell plate during cytokinesis. What is the primary function of the cell plate?

Accepted Answer

To divide the cytoplasm and form new cell walls

Question 11

Which process is responsible for the production of genetically identical cells for growth and repair in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Question 12

During which stage of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 13

Which of the following terms describes the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over

Question 14

A cell with $$n = 6$$ chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after division?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Production of gametes

Question 16

Which event occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle forms

Question 17

In a human cell, how many chromosomes are present after meiosis II is completed?

Accepted Answer

23

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why crossing over is important in sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

It increases genetic diversity among offspring.

Question 19

Which term describes the region where two sister chromatids are most closely attached?

Accepted Answer

Centromere

Question 20

A mutation in a gene controlling the G1 checkpoint causes cells to divide uncontrollably. This is most likely to result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Cancer

Mitosis and Meiosis: Cell Division in Eukaryotes

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