Question 1

If an acid is added to a neutral solution, what will happen to the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

The pH will decrease.

Question 2

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+]$$ and pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10} [H^+]$$

Question 3

A solution with pH 5 is how many times less acidic than a solution with pH 3?

Accepted Answer

100 times

Question 4

Which of the following reactions will increase the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$NaOH \rightarrow Na^+ (aq) + OH^- (aq)$$

Question 5

Suppose a solution has $$[H^+] = 0.000045. $$What is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}(0.000045) = 4.35$$

Question 6

Which molecule is carbonic acid in the following reaction? $$CO_2 + H_2O$$ \leftrightarrow H_2CO_3 \leftrightarrow $$HCO_3^- + H$$^+$$

Accepted Answer

$$H_2CO_3$$

Question 7

If blood becomes too acidic, in which direction will the carbonic acid buffering reaction shift? $$CO_2 + H_2O$$ \leftrightarrow H_2CO_3 \leftrightarrow $$HCO_3^- + H$$^+$$

Accepted Answer

To the left, consuming $$H^+$$ ions

Question 8

Which of the following will have no effect on the pH of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$NaCl \rightarrow Na^+ (aq) + Cl^- (aq)$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a weak acid involved in the blood buffering system?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2CO_3$$

Question 10

If a solution has $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-7}$$, what is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 7$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a buffer?

Accepted Answer

A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 12

Which of the following reactions will decrease the pH of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$HCl \rightarrow H^+ (aq) + Cl^- (aq)$$

Question 13

Which of the following is true about the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

A lower pH value indicates a higher concentration of $$H^+$$ ions.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct chemical equation for the dissociation of sulfuric acid in water?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2SO_4 \rightarrow $$HSO_4$$^- (aq) + H^+ (aq)$$

Question 15

If a solution has a pH of 2, what is the $$[H^+]$$ concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-2}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why $$NaCl$$ has no effect on pH when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

Both $$Na^+$$ and $$Cl^-$$ are spectator ions and do not react with water to produce $$H^+ or$$ $$OH^-.$$

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct chemical equation for the formation of bicarbonate from carbonic acid?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2CO_3 \rightarrow $$HCO_3$$^- + H^+$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a strong base?

Accepted Answer

$$NaOH$$

Question 19

If a solution has $$[H^+] = 2 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$, what is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}(2 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$) \approx 5.7$$

pH and Acid-Base Chemistry: Study Notes for General Biology

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