Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of signal transduction in plants?

Accepted Answer

A series of steps linking a stimulus to a specific cellular response

Question 2

A potato tuber stored in a warm, dark environment begins to produce long, white shoots. What is the primary reason for the lack of chlorophyll in these shoots?

Accepted Answer

Absence of light prevents chlorophyll synthesis during etiolation

Question 3

Which plant hormone is primarily responsible for promoting cell elongation by activating proton pumps that lower the pH of the cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Auxin (IAA)

Question 4

A gardener applies a synthetic auxin to a patch of weeds in a monocot crop. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The eudicot weeds will die due to hormonal overdose, while the monocot crop remains unaffected

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why potato tubers exposed to light turn green and become toxic?

Accepted Answer

Exposure to light induces chlorophyll and solanine production, making the tuber toxic

Question 6

Which hormone is responsible for maintaining seed dormancy and is washed out or deactivated to allow germination?

Accepted Answer

Abscisic acid (ABA)

Question 7

A plant is experiencing drought stress. Which hormone accumulates in the leaves to cause stomatal closure and reduce water loss?

Accepted Answer

Abscisic acid (ABA)

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a typical effect of ethylene in plants?

Accepted Answer

Stimulating cell division in roots

Question 9

A mutant Arabidopsis plant fails to exhibit the triple response when exposed to mechanical stress. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

The plant is insensitive to ethylene

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of cytokinins in plant development?

Accepted Answer

Stimulate cell division and differentiation, often in conjunction with auxin

Question 11

A seed is treated with gibberellin but not exposed to water. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The seed will not germinate because water uptake is required for gibberellin release and action

Question 12

Which of the following statements about auxin transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

Auxin is transported from the shoot tip downward via polar transport, independent of gravity

Question 13

A plant's apical bud is removed. Which hormonal changes and growth responses are most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Reduced auxin and strigolactone levels allow axillary buds to grow

Question 14

Which of the following best explains the mechanism by which auxin causes cell elongation?

Accepted Answer

Auxin activates proton pumps, lowering cell wall pH and loosening microfibrils for expansion

Question 15

Which plant hormone is most closely associated with the rapid vertical growth of a floral stalk, known as 'bolting'?

Accepted Answer

Gibberellin

Question 16

A plant is exposed to a localized infection. Which hormone is most likely to be involved in activating defense responses against pathogens and herbivores?

Accepted Answer

Jasmonates

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the steps of a signal transduction pathway in plants?

Accepted Answer

Signal reception → Signal transduction → Cellular response

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of secondary messengers in plant signal transduction?

Accepted Answer

They relay messages from receptors to target molecules within the cell

Question 19

A plant scientist wants to promote root growth in cuttings. Which hormone should be applied to achieve this effect?

Accepted Answer

Auxin

Question 20

Which of the following statements about plant hormones is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Plant growth regulators can have multiple effects depending on concentration, site of action, and developmental stage

Plant Responses to Environmental Signals and Plant Hormones

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드