Question 1

Which type of bond is responsible for linking two amino acids together in a protein's primary structure?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 2

What is the main force driving the formation of a protein's tertiary structure?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic interactions among R-groups

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The association of two or more polypeptide chains

Question 4

A mutation changes a nonpolar amino acid in the core of a protein to a polar amino acid. What is the most likely effect on the protein's structure?

Accepted Answer

It may disrupt the hydrophobic effect, potentially destabilizing the protein

Question 5

Which of the following is the only covalent interaction found in the tertiary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Disulfide bonds

Question 6

Which statement correctly distinguishes between starch and cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Starch contains $$\alpha-1$$,4 glycosidic bonds, while cellulose contains $$\beta-1$$,4 glycosidic bonds.

Question 7

Which of the following is a defining feature of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A 1:2:1 ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms

Question 8

During the synthesis of maltose, which type of bond is formed between two glucose molecules?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic bond

Question 9

Which level of protein structure is directly determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 10

Which of the following interactions is NOT involved in stabilizing the tertiary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds

Question 11

A protein enzyme loses its function after exposure to high heat. Which structural level is most likely disrupted first?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why glycogen is more highly branched than starch?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen contains more $$\alpha-1$$,6 glycosidic linkages

Question 13

Which of the following is true about the N-terminus and C-terminus of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The C-terminus contains a free carboxyl group

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of a glycosidic bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond between two monosaccharides

Question 15

Which type of interaction is most likely to occur between two nonpolar amino acid side chains in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic interactions

Question 16

If a protein contains multiple polypeptide chains, which level of structure does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary structure

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Have multiple glycosidic bonds in the polymers

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of a protein whose function depends on its quaternary structure?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin, which consists of four polypeptide chains

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between alpha helices and beta sheets in protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Alpha helices are stabilized by hydrogen bonds within the same polypeptide chain, while beta sheets are stabilized by hydrogen bonds between adjacent chains or segments.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for the general structure of a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n}O_n$$

Protein and Carbohydrate Structure and Function: Study Guide

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