Question 1

Which of the following best explains why green light is least effective for driving photosynthesis in most plants?

Accepted Answer

Green light is reflected by chlorophyll, so less energy is available for photosynthesis.

Question 2

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, ATP synthase produces ATP by utilizing which of the following gradients?

Accepted Answer

A hydrogen ion ($$\mathrm{H^+}) $$gradient across the thylakoid membrane

Question 3

If a plant is placed in an environment with no available $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$, which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

The plant will be unable to perform photosynthesis.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype is the specific combination of alleles, while phenotype is the observable trait.

Question 5

A woman who is heterozygous for sickle-cell disease (autosomal recessive) marries a man who is also heterozygous. What is the probability that their child will have sickle-cell disease?

Accepted Answer

$$\dfrac{1}{4}$$

Question 6

Which of the following events increases genetic variation in sexually reproducing populations?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over during prophase I of meiosis

Question 7

A frameshift mutation is most likely to result from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The addition or removal of nucleotides from DNA

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

Each pair of alleles sorts independently of other pairs during gamete formation.

Question 9

Which of the following is a direct result of nondisjunction during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Formation of abnormal gametes, such as those causing Down syndrome

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why antibiotic resistance spreads rapidly in bacterial populations?

Accepted Answer

Evolution acts on natural variation already present in bacterial populations.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of stabilizing selection?

Accepted Answer

A population of plants where intermediate height plants have higher fitness than very short or very tall plants.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is correct?

Accepted Answer

The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of RuBP in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

RuBP accepts $$\mathrm{CO_2$} to $$keep the Calvin cycle going.

Question 14

Which of the following is a consequence of the founder effect?

Accepted Answer

A small group starts a new population with reduced genetic variation.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why recessive alleles persist in populations?

Accepted Answer

Recessive alleles are hidden in heterozygotes and sometimes favored.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the flow of energy and cycling of nutrients in ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Energy flows in one direction, while nutrients cycle through the ecosystem.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes codominance?

Accepted Answer

Both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of a polygenic trait?

Accepted Answer

Height in humans

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why homologous structures are important evidence for evolution?

Accepted Answer

They show that different species evolved from a common ancestor.

Step-by-Step Guidance for General Biology Final Exam Practice Questions

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드