Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between somatic cells and gametes in humans?

Accepted Answer

Somatic cells have two sets of chromosomes, while gametes have one set.

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

Accepted Answer

S phase of Interphase

Question 3

What is the main function of the centromere during cell division?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where spindle fibers attach to pull sister chromatids apart.

Question 4

A scientist observes a cell with chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell and spindle fibers attached to kinetochores. Which phase is this cell in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE about the products of mitosis in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

The two daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and to the original cell.

Question 6

Which structure is responsible for separating sister chromatids during anaphase?

Accepted Answer

Spindle microtubules

Question 7

If a human cell at the start of mitosis contains 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

46

Question 8

Which of the following events occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Duplicated chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down.

Question 9

What is the correct sequence of the four main phases of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 10

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before separation?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase checkpoint

Question 11

A mutation causes a cell to skip the G2 checkpoint. Which of the following is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell may enter mitosis with damaged or unreplicated DNA.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a homologous pair of chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

They have the same genes, shape, size, and centromere position.

Question 13

Which process is responsible for the physical separation of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis

Question 14

In plant cells, what structure forms during cytokinesis to separate the two daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell plate

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Production of gametes

Question 16

A cell is observed with decondensed chromosomes, a reformed nuclear envelope, and the beginning of cytoplasmic division. Which phase is this?

Accepted Answer

Telophase

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the structure of a eukaryotic chromosome during metaphase?

Accepted Answer

Two sister chromatids joined at the centromere

Question 18

Which of the following statements about genes is correct?

Accepted Answer

A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein.

Question 19

If a mutation prevents the formation of spindle fibers during mitosis, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids will not separate properly.

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the number of chromosomes in a human somatic cell?

Accepted Answer

$$2n = 46$$

chapter 12

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드