Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Fluid Mosaic Model of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins and carbohydrates, held together by weak interactions.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the most likely outcome for the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will gain water and may burst due to cytolysis.

Question 3

Which component of the cell membrane is primarily responsible for its selective permeability?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid bilayer with hydrophobic core

Question 4

Which of the following molecules would most easily cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 5

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the movement of water across its membrane?

Accepted Answer

Water will move equally in both directions, resulting in no net change.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses transport proteins to move hydrophilic substances down their concentration gradient.

Question 7

What is the primary function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

To keep the membrane fluid and stable across temperature changes.

Question 8

Which equation is used to calculate the solute potential ($$\Psi_s) of a $$solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\Psi_s = -iCRT$$

Question 9

A plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will lose water and experience plasmolysis.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why ions such as $$Na^+$$ and $$K^+$$ require transport proteins to cross the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

They are hydrophilic and cannot pass through the hydrophobic core of the membrane.

Question 11

Which process is responsible for the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 12

A cell uses the sodium-potassium pump to maintain its internal environment. Which type of transport is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of phospholipids

Question 14

Which type of endocytosis involves the cell engulfing large particles such as bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 15

A solution contains 0.3 M sucrose at 25°C. Calculate the solute potential ($$\Psi_s) $$using $$i = 1$$, $$R = 0.0831 L$$·bar/mol·K, and $$T = 298 K.$$

Accepted Answer

$$\Psi_s = -7.43$$ bars

Question 16

Which of the following statements about transmembrane proteins is correct?

Accepted Answer

They span the entire membrane and have hydrophobic regions within the bilayer.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of carbohydrates in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

They are involved in cell-cell recognition and signaling.

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the movement of water and solutes in osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the sidedness of membranes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Membrane synthesis in the ER and Golgi results in distinct inner and outer membrane faces.

The Cell Membrane: Structure, Function, and Transport Mechanisms

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