$$\text{Atomic mass} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which subatomic particle is responsible for the unique identity (atomic number) of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 2

A neutral atom of carbon has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic mass of 12. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

6

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the charge and location of an electron in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Negative charge, orbitals surrounding the nucleus

Question 4

If an atom has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons, what is its net charge?

Accepted Answer

$$+1$$

Question 5

Which statement best explains why isotopes of the same element have different masses?

Accepted Answer

They have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 6

Radioactive isotopes are useful in medicine because:

Accepted Answer

They emit radiation that can be detected to trace biological processes.

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the potential energy of electrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electrons farther from the nucleus have higher potential energy.

Question 9

A sodium atom loses one electron to become a sodium ion. What is the resulting charge and what is this ion called?

Accepted Answer

Positive charge, cation

Question 10

Which of the following is true about the chemical behavior of an atom?

Accepted Answer

It is determined by the number of electrons in the outermost shell (valence electrons).

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why carbon-14 is useful for dating ancient biological materials?

Accepted Answer

It decays at a predictable rate, allowing scientists to estimate the age of a sample.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the location and charge of a neutron?

Accepted Answer

Located in the nucleus, no charge

Question 13

If an atom has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 18, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

10

Question 14

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 15

Which subatomic particle has the least mass?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Question 16

A patient is given a radioactive tracer for a PET scan. Which property of the tracer allows it to be detected inside the body?

Accepted Answer

It emits radiation that can be detected by sensors.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct relationship between atomic number ($$Z$$), mass number ($$A$$), and number of neutrons ($$N$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$A = Z + N$$

Question 18

Which of the following would result if a neutral atom gained an extra electron?

Accepted Answer

It would become a negatively charged anion.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why electrons in higher energy shells have more potential energy?

Accepted Answer

They are farther from the nucleus and require more energy to remain in that position.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the mass of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Most of the mass is due to protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

The Chemical Context of Life: Atoms, Elements, and Chemical Bonds

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