Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds.

Question 2

Which of the following is a correct example of a polysaccharide and its biological function?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen – energy storage in animals

Question 3

A dehydration reaction is important in the formation of which biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

It links monomers together to form polymers by removing water.

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches the monomer and polymer pair?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide – polysaccharide

Question 5

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 6

A mutation changes a polar amino acid to a nonpolar amino acid in the active site of an enzyme. What is the most likely effect?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme's substrate binding may be disrupted due to altered chemical interactions.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose and thymine, while RNA contains ribose and uracil.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the structure of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 9

Which of the following equations represents the hydrolysis of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_{12}H$$_{22}$$O_{11} + H$$_{2}$$O \rightarrow 2C_{6}H$$_{12}$$O_{6}$

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It helps maintain membrane fluidity.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why cellulose is indigestible to most animals?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose contains beta-glycosidic linkages that most animals lack enzymes to break.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about the antiparallel nature of DNA?

Accepted Answer

One strand runs 5' to 3', and the other runs 3' to 5'.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct description of a phospholipid's structure?

Accepted Answer

A hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The overall structure formed by multiple polypeptide chains

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with thymine

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing biochemical reactions as enzymes

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of denaturation in proteins?

Accepted Answer

Loss of protein's three-dimensional structure due to environmental changes

Question 18

Which of the following is a steroid hormone involved in the regulation of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Estradiol

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct order of the four levels of protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the function of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

They store and transmit genetic information.

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

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