Q: Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in eukaryotic cells?

$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of emergent properties in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A functioning heart can pump blood, but individual heart cells cannot perform this function alone.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a property of all living things?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 3

Which domains contain prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 4

A scientist is testing the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, and one does not. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The type of fertilizer used

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about energy and matter in ecosystems is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy flows through ecosystems and is eventually lost as heat, while matter cycles.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback regulation in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Shivering to increase body temperature when cold

Question 8

A certain element has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 18. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$18 - 8 = 10$$ neutrons

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice are longer, causing molecules to be spaced further apart, making ice less dense.

Question 10

Which of the following is a trace element required by humans and often added to table salt to prevent deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons, while nonpolar covalent bonds involve equal sharing.

Question 12

Which functional group is found in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-\mathrm{COOH})$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis joins monomers to form polymers by removing water.

Question 14

Which macromolecule is correctly matched with its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – Monosaccharide

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic and polar substances?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules are polar, allowing them to surround and separate ions and polar molecules.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct comparison between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 18

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions ($$[\mathrm{H}^+]) in $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[\mathrm{H}^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why carbon is so versatile in forming large, complex molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form up to four covalent bonds due to its four valence electrons.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning in biology?

Accepted Answer

All observed swans are white; therefore, all swans are white.

Unit 1 General Biology Study Guide: Introduction, Chemistry, Water, and Biomolecules

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