Question 1

Which property of water allows it to moderate Earth's climate by absorbing and releasing large amounts of heat with only slight changes in its own temperature?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 2

Which functional group is present in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 3

A molecule of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$) is classified as which type of biological macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 4

Which type of bond is primarily responsible for the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice create a lattice that is less dense than liquid water

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 9

Which process involves the removal of a water molecule to join two monomers together?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded

Question 11

Which emergent property of water is most important for the transport of water from roots to leaves in plants?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion and adhesion

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct representation of a peptide bond formation between two amino acids?

Accepted Answer

$$R_1-CH$$($$NH_2)-$$COOH + $$R_2-CH$$($$NH_2)-$$COOH \rightarrow $$R_1-CH$$($$NH_2)-CO-NH-CH$$($$R_2)-$$COOH + H_2O$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why nonpolar molecules do not dissolve well in water?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar molecules lack charged regions to interact with water's polarity

Question 14

Which of the following is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 15

Which of the following correctly identifies the four stages of the human digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination

Question 16

Which of the following is a steroid hormone derived from cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of phospholipids in cellular structure?

Accepted Answer

They create a bilayer that separates the cell from its environment

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a carbohydrate polymer?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms; saturated fats do not

Unit 1 Study Guide: Biological Macromolecules and the Chemical Basis of Life

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