Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP?

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of emergent properties in biology?

Accepted Answer

A group of heart cells working together to pump blood, producing a function not seen in individual cells.

Question 2

A scientist observes that a certain plant grows faster in blue light than in red light. She proposes that blue light increases the rate of photosynthesis. Which step of the scientific method is her proposal?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis

Question 3

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 4

A student claims that a scientific theory will eventually become a law if enough evidence supports it. Why is this incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Theories explain why phenomena occur, while laws describe what happens; one does not become the other.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons; ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons.

Question 6

Why does ice float on liquid water, and what is the biological significance of this property?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water due to hydrogen bonding, allowing aquatic life to survive under the ice.

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 8

A patient is sweating heavily after running a marathon. Which property of water is most directly responsible for cooling the body through sweating?

Accepted Answer

Water's high heat of vaporization

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why carbon is so versatile in forming biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form up to four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Question 10

A researcher is designing an experiment to test the effect of fertilizer on plant growth. Which of the following is the best example of a controlled variable?

Accepted Answer

The type of plant used in all groups

Question 11

Which of the following statements about biological macromolecules is correct?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are made of amino acids and have four levels of structure.

Question 12

Which process is responsible for breaking down polymers into monomers in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 13

A student is asked to place the following in order from simplest to most complex: tissue, cell, organ, organism. Which is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

Cell, tissue, organ, organism

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback regulation in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Shivering to increase body temperature when cold

Question 15

Which reasoning process is used when a scientist makes generalizations based on a large number of specific observations?

Accepted Answer

Inductive reasoning

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between starch and glycogen?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is more highly branched than starch.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the relationship between kinetic and potential energy in a biological system?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is stored in chemical bonds; kinetic energy is the energy of motion.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds but crucial for water's properties.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why ATP is considered the energy currency of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in its phosphate bonds, which can be quickly released to power cellular work.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fats is correct?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms; unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds.

Unit 1 Study Notes: Introduction to Biology & Chemistry of Life

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드