Q: Which formula is used to calculate the relative frequency of a category in a frequency distribution?

$$\text{Relative Frequency} = \frac{\text{Frequency of Category}}{\text{Total Frequency}}$$

Question 1

Which graphical method is most appropriate for displaying the distribution of a categorical variable, such as beer brand preference among 50 customers?

Accepted Answer

Bar chart

Question 2

Given the following frequency distribution for beer preferences: Special Export (10), Budweiser (25), Miller Lite (15), what is the relative frequency for Miller Lite?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{15}{50} = 0.30$$

Question 3

Which of the following is a key advantage of a stem-and-leaf plot over a histogram?

Accepted Answer

It does not require grouping of data, so individual data values are preserved

Question 4

A company tracks the number of defects per item in a sample of 50 products. Which graphical method would best display the frequency of each defect count?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Question 5

If a histogram of packet sizes for normal and attack data packets shows a clear difference in the shape and spread, what does this suggest about the two types of packets?

Accepted Answer

There is a difference in the pattern of packet sizes between normal and attack packets

Question 6

Which graphical method is most suitable for displaying the relationship between two quantitative variables, such as annual revenue and operating income for NFL teams?

Accepted Answer

Scatter plot

Question 7

A run chart is used to display which type of data?

Accepted Answer

Time-series data

Question 8

What does it mean for a process to be in statistical control?

Accepted Answer

The process output distribution does not change over time

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a cumulative frequency distribution?

Accepted Answer

It shows the total number of observations up to and including each value

Question 10

A pie chart is used to display which type of data most effectively?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative (categorical) data

Question 11

If you want to compare the distribution of annual revenues for all NFL teams, which graphical method would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Question 12

Which of the following is a disadvantage of stem-and-leaf plots?

Accepted Answer

They may require trial and error to establish stem magnitudes

Question 13

A control chart is used to monitor a process over time. What does it indicate if the process is 'out of control'?

Accepted Answer

The process output distribution changes over time

Question 14

Which graphical method would best help you identify the most common type of defect in a car manufacturing process?

Accepted Answer

Pareto diagram

Question 15

Given a data set of oil spill intervals (in days) before and after pollution controls, which graphical method would best show the change in distribution?

Accepted Answer

Relative frequency histogram

Question 16

If a variable can assume many values and is measured with a finite number of decimal places, which type of data is this?

Accepted Answer

Continuous quantitative data

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a reason to use a scatter plot?

Accepted Answer

To display the distribution of a single categorical variable

Question 18

A business wants to show the percentage of sales from three product categories. Which graphical method should they use?

Accepted Answer

Pie chart

Question 19

Which formula is used to calculate the relative frequency of a category in a frequency distribution?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Relative Frequency} = \frac{	ext{Frequency of Category}}{	ext{Total Frequency}}$$

Question 20

Which graphical method would best display the change in SAT scores for each state from 2010 to 2014?

Accepted Answer

Run chart (time-series plot)

Graphical Methods for Describing Sets of Data in Business Statistics

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