Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of using statistics in business decision-making?

Accepted Answer

To summarize and graphically represent data, enabling informed and objective decisions.

Question 2

A company wants to compare the average sales of two different products. Which statistical concept should they use to determine if the difference in averages is significant?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis testing

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a correct step in the process of statistical analysis?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring outliers to simplify results

Question 4

Suppose you are given a dataset of monthly sales figures. Which measure would best describe the central tendency of the data if there are several extreme outliers?

Accepted Answer

Median

Question 5

A business analyst uses Python to create a histogram of customer ages. What is the primary purpose of this visualization?

Accepted Answer

To show the distribution of a single variable

Question 6

Which formula correctly calculates the sample variance $$s^2$$ for a dataset with $$n$$ observations $$x_1$$, $$x_2$$, ..., x_n$$ and sample mean $$\bar{x}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$s^2$$ = \frac{1}{n-1} \sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \bar{x}$$)^2$$

Question 7

A company wants to estimate the probability that a randomly selected customer will spend more than $$\100$ in a month. Which statistical concept is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Probability distributions

Question 8

Which of the following statements about correlation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A correlation coefficient of $$0$$ means there is no linear relationship.

Question 9

If a dataset is highly skewed to the right, which measure of central tendency is likely to be the largest?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Question 10

A researcher wants to test if a new marketing strategy increases sales. Which is the correct null hypothesis $$H_0$$ for this scenario?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: The new marketing strategy has no effect on sales.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a continuous variable?

Accepted Answer

The amount of time (in hours) spent on a project

Question 12

A data analyst finds that the interquartile range (IQR) of monthly sales is $$\5$$,000$. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

The middle 50% of monthly sales values span $$\5$$,000$.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct interpretation of a $$p-$$value of $$0.03 in a $$hypothesis test with a significance level $$\alpha = 0.05$$?

Accepted Answer

There is strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

Question 14

A business wants to summarize the relationship between advertising budget and sales revenue. Which statistical method is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Correlation analysis

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct formula for the sample mean $$\bar{x} of$$ $$n$$ observations $$x_1$$, $$x_2$$, ..., x_n$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\bar{x} = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^n x_i}{n}$$

Question 16

A company uses a boxplot to visualize employee salaries. What can be directly identified from the boxplot?

Accepted Answer

The median, quartiles, and potential outliers

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize and describe data; inferential statistics draw conclusions about populations based on samples.

Question 18

A data scientist is analyzing the relationship between two continuous variables. Which visualization is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Scatter plot

Question 19

If the probability of an event $$A is$$ $$0.2$$ and the probability of event $$B is$$ $$0.5$$, assuming $$A$$ and $$B$$ are independent, what is the probability that both $$A$$ and $$B$$ occur?

Accepted Answer

$$0.2 	imes 0.5 = 0.1$$

Question 20

A business manager wants to communicate statistical results to a non-technical audience. Which of the following is the best practice?

Accepted Answer

Tailor the explanation to the audience, focusing on clarity and relevance.

Statistics for Computer Science Basics: Syllabus and Core Concepts

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