Q: Which of the following is the correct syntax to open a file named 'data.txt' for writing in C?

$$\text{FILE *fp = fopen("data.txt", "w");}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main advantage of high-level programming languages over low-level languages?

Accepted Answer

They are easier to read, write, and maintain, and programs written in high-level languages can be translated into machine code by a compiler or interpreter.

Question 2

In C programming, which of the following statements about variables is correct?

Accepted Answer

A variable is a memory location whose value can change during program execution.

Question 3

Which control structure in C is best suited for executing a block of code repeatedly as long as a condition remains true?

Accepted Answer

while loop

Question 4

Consider the following C code snippet:

$$	ext{int a = 5; int b = 10; int c = a + b * 2;}$$

What is the value of $$c$$ after execution, considering operator precedence?

Accepted Answer

$$25$$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of modular programming?

Accepted Answer

It requires all logic to be written in a single block without separation.

Question 6

What is the main purpose of a flowchart in program design?

Accepted Answer

To visually represent the sequence, selection, and repetition of processes in a program.

Question 7

Which of the following C statements correctly declares an array of 10 integers named 'scores'?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{int scores[10];}$$

Question 8

A programmer wants to sort an array in descending order using Bubble Sort. Which of the following best describes the process?

Accepted Answer

Repeatedly compare adjacent elements and swap them if the left element is less than the right element.

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE about pointers in C?

Accepted Answer

A pointer stores the address of a variable.

Question 10

What is the output of the following C code?

$$	ext{int x = 2; printf("%d", x++);}$$

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a valid use of the 'break' statement in C?

Accepted Answer

To exit a loop or switch statement immediately.

Question 12

A function in C is defined as follows:

$$	ext{int add(int a, int b) \{ return a + b; \}}$$

What is the return value when $$	ext{add(3, 7)} is $$called?

Accepted Answer

$$10$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about file handling in C is correct?

Accepted Answer

Files must be closed after reading or writing to prevent data loss.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct syntax to open a file named 'data.txt' for writing in C?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{FILE *fp = fopen("data.txt", "w");}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a valid C data type?

Accepted Answer

string

Question 16

What is the main difference between a local variable and a global variable in C?

Accepted Answer

Local variables are declared inside a function and accessible only within that function, while global variables are declared outside all functions and accessible throughout the program.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the use of the 'continue' statement in a loop?

Accepted Answer

It skips the rest of the current iteration and proceeds to the next iteration.

Question 18

Given the following code:

$$	ext{int arr[5] = \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\};}$$
$$	ext{printf("%d", arr[2]);}$$

What is the output?

Accepted Answer

$$3$$

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the 'switch' statement in C?

Accepted Answer

It allows multi-way branching based on the value of an expression.

Structured Programming: Concepts, Paradigms, and Data Structures

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