Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, whereas prokaryotic cells lack both.

Question 2

A scientist wants to observe the internal structure of mitochondria at a resolution of 2 nm. Which type of microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Transmission electron microscope (TEM)

Question 3

Which organelle is present in plant cells but absent in animal cells, and is responsible for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 4

If the eyepiece lens of a light microscope is 10X and the objective lens is 40X, what is the total magnification?

Accepted Answer

$$10 	imes 40 = 400$$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 6

A cell is observed to have a rigid cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 7

Which statement about the cell theory is correct according to its modern version?

Accepted Answer

Energy flow occurs within cells and hereditary information is passed from cell to cell.

Question 8

Why do electron microscopes have better resolution than light microscopes?

Accepted Answer

Electron beams have much shorter wavelengths than visible light.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why viruses are not considered living cells?

Accepted Answer

Viruses lack cellular organization and cannot reproduce independently.

Question 10

A researcher stains a specimen with a heavy metal and places it in a vacuum to observe its internal structure in 2D. Which microscopy technique is being used?

Accepted Answer

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Separates the cell from its surrounding environment

Question 12

Which of the following cell types is most likely to have long extensions for transmitting signals?

Accepted Answer

Nerve cell

Question 13

A biologist wants to view the surface of a cell in 3D at a resolution of 10 nm. Which microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of biological levels of organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atoms $$\rightarrow$$ Molecules $$\rightarrow$$ Macromolecules $$\rightarrow$$ Cells

Question 15

Which of the following is a similarity between Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)?

Accepted Answer

Both use a beam of electrons and require specimens to be placed in a vacuum.

Question 16

Which of the following is a key concept of cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells arise only from pre-existing cells.

Question 17

A cell biologist is studying a cell that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Which type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 18

Which of the following processes is disrupted in diseases such as cancer, according to cell biology principles?

Accepted Answer

The balance and interrelation of cellular processes

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the magnification capabilities of microscopes?

Accepted Answer

Electron microscopes can achieve magnifications up to $$10,000,000	imes$$

2-Introduction to Cell Biology: Cell Types, Structure, and Microscopy

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