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Multiple Choice
A solution initially contains [Ag+] of 3.2 × 10^-3 M and 0.125 M NH3. What is the concentration of Ag+ after the solution reaches equilibrium, given that the formation constant (Kf) of Ag(NH3)2+ is 1.7 × 10^7?
A
0.125 M
B
1.9 × 10^-10 M
C
5.0 × 10^-5 M
D
3.2 × 10^-3 M
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1
Identify the reaction involved: Ag+ + 2NH3 ⇌ Ag(NH3)2+. This is a complex ion formation reaction.
Write the expression for the formation constant (Kf): Kf = [Ag(NH3)2+]/([Ag+][NH3]^2).
Set up an ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table to track the concentrations of Ag+, NH3, and Ag(NH3)2+ at equilibrium.
Assume that x is the change in concentration of Ag+ that forms Ag(NH3)2+. Initially, [Ag+] = 3.2 × 10^-3 M and [NH3] = 0.125 M. At equilibrium, [Ag+] = 3.2 × 10^-3 - x, [NH3] = 0.125 - 2x, and [Ag(NH3)2+] = x.
Substitute the equilibrium concentrations into the Kf expression and solve for x, which represents the concentration of Ag(NH3)2+ at equilibrium. This will allow you to find the equilibrium concentration of Ag+.