Question 1

Which of the following best describes why water is difficult to classify strictly as an acid or a base according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Accepted Answer

Water is amphoteric, meaning it can act as both a proton donor and a proton acceptor.

Question 2

According to the Lewis definition, which of the following is a Lewis acid?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{BF_3$}$$

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the autoionization of water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O (l) + H_2O (l) \rightleftharpoons H_3O^+ (aq) + OH^- (aq)}$$

Question 4

A solution has $$[\mathrm{H_3O^+}] = 2.0 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}. $$What is the pH of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$2.70$$

Question 5

Which of the following salts will produce a basic solution when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

NaF

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct expression for the acid dissociation constant ($$K_a) $$for acetic acid ($$\mathrm{CH_3COOH}) in $$water?

Accepted Answer

$$K_a = \frac{[\mathrm{CH_3COO^-}][\mathrm{H_3O^+}]}{[\mathrm{CH_3COOH}]}$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about strong acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Strong acids completely dissociate in water.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{HI} is a $$stronger acid than $$\mathrm{HF}$$?

Accepted Answer

The H–I bond is weaker and easier to break than the H–F bond.

Question 9

A 0.100 M solution of acetic acid ($$K_a = 1.8 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$) has a calculated x$ value (the amount ionized) of 1.34$$ 	imes $$10^{-3}. $$What is the percent ionization?

Accepted Answer

$$1.3\%$$

Question 10

Which of the following is true for the relationship between $$K_a$$, $$K_b$$, and $$K_w$$ for a conjugate acid-base pair?

Accepted Answer

$$K_a 	imes K_b = K_w$$

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating pOH?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{pOH} = -\log [\mathrm{OH^-}]$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing the number of oxygen atoms in an oxyacid?

Accepted Answer

It increases the acid strength due to greater resonance stabilization.

Question 13

Which of the following is the strongest conjugate base?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_3$^{2-}}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the pH of a 0.1 M solution of NaCl?

Accepted Answer

The solution is neutral because neither ion reacts with water.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the conjugate base of a strong acid is very weak?

Accepted Answer

The conjugate base is very stable and does not accept protons easily.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct relationship between pH and pOH in aqueous solution at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{pH} + \mathrm{pOH} = 14$$

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{H_2SO_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

Sulfurous acid

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the trend in acid strength for binary acids down a group in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Acid strength increases down a group.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for the base hydrolysis constant ($$K_b) $$for ammonia ($$\mathrm{NH_3$}) in $$water?

Accepted Answer

$$K_b = \frac{[\mathrm{NH_4$^+}][\mathrm{OH^-}]}{[\mathrm{NH_3$}]}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{$$HClO_4$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Perchloric acid

Acid-Base Equilibrium: Foundations, Theories, and Calculations

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