$$1.33 \times 10$$^{-10}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the Arrhenius definition of an acid?

Accepted Answer

An acid produces H$$^{+}$$ ions in aqueous solution.

Question 2

A student tastes a Sour Patch Kid candy and experiences a sour flavor. Which chemical process is responsible for this sensation?

Accepted Answer

Citric and tartaric acids produce H$$^{+}$$ ions that react with proteins on the tongue.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a property of acids?

Accepted Answer

Acids taste bitter.

Question 4

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used in industry to clean metals and is also found in the human stomach. What is its primary function in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

It breaks down food and kills harmful bacteria.

Question 5

Which acid is most widely produced in the United States and is used in fertilizers, explosives, dyes, and automobile batteries?

Accepted Answer

Sulfuric acid (H$$_2SO$_4)$$

Question 6

Which functional group is characteristic of carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

COOH group

Question 7

Bases are less common in foods than acids. What evolutionary reason explains our aversion to the taste of bases?

Accepted Answer

Bases are often poisonous alkaloids found in plants.

Question 8

Which of the following is an Arrhenius base?

Accepted Answer

NaOH

Question 9

According to the Brønsted–Lowry definition, which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

An acid is a proton donor and a base is a proton acceptor.

Question 10

Which of the following pairs is a conjugate acid–base pair?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2O $$and OH$$^{-}$$

Question 11

What is the net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H^+(aq) + OH^-(aq) \rightarrow H_2O(l)}$$

Question 12

A solution contains 0.025 M Sr(OH)$$_2. $$What is the concentration of OH$$^{-}$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

$$0.050\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 13

Which equation represents the self-ionization of water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{2H_2O(l) \rightarrow H_3O^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)}$$

Question 14

At 25°C, what is the value of the ion product constant for water ($$K_w$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1.0 	imes 10$$^{-14}$$

Question 15

A solution has $$[H_3O^+] = 7.5 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$\ \mathrm{M}. $$What is the $$[OH^-] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1.33 	imes 10$$^{-10}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 16

What is the pH of a solution with $$[H_3O^+] = 1.8 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$4.74$$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about buffers is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Buffers contain significant amounts of a weak acid and its conjugate base.

Question 18

Ethylene glycol poisoning leads to a drop in blood pH. Why is this dangerous?

Accepted Answer

Low blood pH overwhelms the blood's buffering system, reducing oxygen carrying capacity.

Question 19

Acid rain is primarily caused by which chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides react with water to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid.

Acids and Bases: Properties, Definitions, and Reactions

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