Question 1

Which of the following acids, when dissolved in water at 0.10 mol L$$^{-1}$$, would produce the most acidic solution?

Accepted Answer

Nitrous acid, $$pK_a = 1.99$$

Question 2

A solution contains 0.10 mol L$$^{-1}$$ HNO$$_3$$ and 0.10 mol L$$^{-1} HF. $$Given $$K_a$$ for HF is $$6.3 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$, which acid contributes most to the H_3$O$$^+$$ concentration?

Accepted Answer

HNO$$_3$$, because it is a strong acid and fully ionizes

Question 3

What is the relationship between $$K_a$$ and $$K_b$$ for a conjugate acid-base pair?

Accepted Answer

$$K_a 	imes K_b = K_w$$

Question 4

Which of the following ions will make an aqueous salt solution basic?

Accepted Answer

ClO$$_2^-$$

Question 5

A 0.25 mol L$$^{-1}$$ solution of sodium benzoate has a $$pK_a of 4.19. $$What is the expected pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

Greater than 7, because benzoate is the conjugate base of a weak acid

Question 6

Which of the following reactions describes the ionization of a weak acid HA in water?

Accepted Answer

$$HA(aq) + H_2O(l) \rightarrow H_3O^+(aq) + A^-(aq)$$

Question 7

If a salt is formed from a strong acid and a strong base, what will be the pH of its aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

Neutral

Question 8

What is the percent ionization of a 2.5 mol L$$^{-1}$$ HNO$$_2$$ solution if $$K_a = 4.6 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$?

Accepted Answer

Much less than 100%, because HNO$$_2 is a $$weak acid

Question 9

Which of the following steps is NOT necessary when calculating the pH of a weak acid solution?

Accepted Answer

Assuming complete ionization

Question 10

A solution contains 0.10 mol L$$^{-1}$$ HNO$$_3$$ and 0.10 mol L$$^{-1}$$ HClO$$_4$$. $$K_a$$ for HNO$$_3 is$$ $$5.6 	imes 10^1$, K_a$ for HClO_4$ is 1.0$$ 	imes $$10^2. $$Which acid will dominate the H$$_3O$^+$$ concentration?

Accepted Answer

HClO$$_4$$, because it has a higher $$K_a$$

Question 11

Which of the following ions will make an aqueous salt solution acidic?

Accepted Answer

HSO$$_4^-$$

Question 12

What is the $$pH of a $$solution that is 0.25 mol L$$^{-1} in $$aspirin, given $$K_a = 3.16 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$pH \u003c 7$$

Question 13

Which of the following is true about the $$K_a$$ and $$K_b$$ values for a conjugate acid-base pair?

Accepted Answer

If $$K_a is $$large, $$K_b is $$small

Question 14

Which of the following ions is considered non-reacting and will not affect the pH of a solution?

Accepted Answer

Li$$^+$$

Question 15

If a salt contains an acidic cation and a basic anion, what determines the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

The relative strengths of the acid and base

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct method to calculate the pH of a solution of acetic acid?

Accepted Answer

Use the $$K_a$$ value and set up an ICE table

Question 17

Which of the following is a property of a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

It ionizes completely in water

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the pH of salt solutions?

Accepted Answer

A salt from a weak acid and strong base will be basic

Question 19

Which of the following ions will make an aqueous salt solution neutral?

Accepted Answer

K$$^+$$

Acids, Bases, and Salt Solutions: Study Notes for General Chemistry I

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