Question 1

Which statement best describes an aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture where water is the solvent and other substances are solutes.

Question 2

When sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}) $$dissolves in water, what process occurs?

Accepted Answer

Dissociation into $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ and $$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$ ions surrounded by water molecules.

Question 3

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

Hydrochloric acid ($$\mathrm{HCl})$$

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the dissociation of a strong acid in water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl(aq) \rightarrow H^+(aq) + Cl^-(aq)}$$

Question 5

A student mixes aqueous solutions of $$\mathrm{$$BaCl_2$$}$$ and $$\mathrm{K_2SO_4}. $$What is the identity of the precipitate formed?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$BaSO_4$$}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction between $$\mathrm{Pb(NO_3$)_2(aq)}$$ and $$\mathrm{KCl(aq)}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Pb$$^{2+}$$(aq) + 2Cl^-(aq) \rightarrow $$PbCl_2$$(s)}$$

Question 7

Which of the following compounds is most likely to be a nonelectrolyte in water?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose ($$\mathrm{C$$_{12}$$H_{22}O$$_{11}}$)

Question 8

Which step is NOT part of predicting whether a precipitate will form when two aqueous solutions are mixed?

Accepted Answer

Measuring the temperature of the solutions.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a spectator ion in a precipitation reaction?

Accepted Answer

An ion that does not participate in the formation of the precipitate and remains unchanged in solution.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction between $$\mathrm{$$CaCl_2$$(aq)}$$ and $$\mathrm{Na_2CO_3(aq)}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca$$^{2+}$$(aq) + CO_3$^{2-}(aq) \rightarrow $$CaCO_3$$(s)}$$

Question 11

Which model of acid-base chemistry defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors?

Accepted Answer

Brønsted-Lowry model

Question 12

Which of the following is a limitation of the Arrhenius definition of acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

It only applies to reactions in aqueous solution.

Question 13

A solution contains both $$\mathrm{CH_3COOH}$$ and $$\mathrm{CH_3COO^-}$$ ions. What does this indicate about $$\mathrm{CH_3COOH} in $$water?

Accepted Answer

It is a weak acid that partially dissociates, establishing equilibrium.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of solvation?

Accepted Answer

The surrounding of solute particles by solvent molecules.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct molecular equation for a precipitation reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$MgCl_2$$(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) \rightarrow Mg(OH)_2(s) + 2NaCl(aq)}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is true about strong electrolytes?

Accepted Answer

They dissociate completely into ions in water.

Question 17

A diagram shows a solution with large red spheres labeled '2–' and small yellow spheres labeled '+'. Which solution does this most likely represent?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K_2SO_4}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct complete ionic equation for the reaction between $$\mathrm{Pb(NO_3$)_2(aq)}$$ and $$\mathrm{KCl(aq)}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Pb$$^{2+}$$(aq) + 2NO_3^-(aq) + 2K^+(aq) + 2Cl^-(aq) \rightarrow $$PbCl_2$$(s) + 2K^+(aq) + 2NO_3^-(aq)}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of a precipitation reaction?

Accepted Answer

Formation of kidney stones from calcium oxalate in urine.

Aqueous Solutions, Electrolytes, and Precipitation Reactions

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