Question 1

Which law is demonstrated by the fact that the ratio of oxygen to carbon in carbon monoxide (CO) is different from that in carbon dioxide (CO$$_2$$)?

Accepted Answer

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 2

A sample of methane (CH$$_4) is $$combusted in oxygen as shown: $$\mathrm{CH_4$ + 2O_2 \rightarrow CO_2$ + 2H_2O}. If $$you start with 16 g of CH$$_4$$ and excess O$$_2$$, what is the total mass of products formed?

Accepted Answer

The total mass of products is equal to the total mass of reactants, so it is 16 g CH$$_4$$ plus the mass of O$$_2$$ used.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about subatomic particles is correct?

Accepted Answer

The proton and neutron have nearly the same mass, but the electron's mass is much smaller.

Question 4

An atom has 7 protons, 8 neutrons, and 7 electrons. What is its atomic number, and what element is it?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number 7, nitrogen

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct representation of the isotope carbon-14?

Accepted Answer

$$^{14}_{6}\mathrm{C}$$

Question 6

A patient is treated for thyroid cancer with Iodine-131. Which property of Iodine-131 makes it suitable for this treatment?

Accepted Answer

It emits radiation that can destroy thyroid tissue.

Question 7

Which of the following elements is a metalloid?

Accepted Answer

Silicon (Si)

Question 8

Which group in the periodic table contains the noble gases?

Accepted Answer

Group 8A

Question 9

Which of the following compounds is ionic?

Accepted Answer

CaCl$$_2$$

Question 10

What is the empirical formula for hydrogen peroxide, H$$_2O$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

HO

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct name for Fe(NO$$_3$$)$$_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) nitrate

Question 12

Which of the following ions is a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

NO$$_3^-$$

Question 13

What is the correct formula for a compound formed between magnesium and iodine?

Accepted Answer

MgI$$_2$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a diatomic element in its natural state?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen (O$$_2)$$

Question 15

A sample of chlorine contains 75.78% $$^{35}Cl ($$mass = 34.969 amu) and 24.22% $$^{37}Cl ($$mass = 36.966 amu). What is the average atomic mass of chlorine?

Accepted Answer

$$35.45$$ amu

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between a cation and an anion?

Accepted Answer

A cation is a positively charged ion, and an anion is a negatively charged ion.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct name for H$$_2SO$_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Sulfuric acid

Question 18

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a +2 ion?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium (Mg)

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct name for CuSO$$_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Copper(II) sulfate

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar chemical properties?

Accepted Answer

They have the same number of valence electrons.

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions: Structured Study Notes for General Chemistry

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