Q: A sample of sodium metal is burned in chlorine gas, producing 0.573 g of sodium chloride. How many milligrams of sodium chloride are produced?

$$0.573 \times 10^3$ = 573 mg$$

Q: A child has a temperature of $$40.00^\circ C. $$What is the temperature in Fahrenheit?

$$^\circ F = 1.8 \times 40.00 + 32 = 104.0^\circ F$$

Q: A car averages 35 miles per gallon of gasoline. How many liters of gasoline are needed for a trip of 450 km? ($$1\ mile = 1.609\ km$$, $$1\ gal = 3.78\ L)$$

$$\frac{450\ km}{1.609\ km/mile} \times \frac{1\ gal}{35\ miles} \times 3.78\ L/gal = 30\ L$$

Q: A patient has 232 mg of cholesterol per 100.0 mL of blood. If the patient has 5.2 L of blood, how many grams of cholesterol are present?

$$\frac{232\ mg}{100.0\ mL} \times 5200\ mL \times \frac{1\ g}{1000\ mg} = 12.1\ g$$

Q: Which of the following is the correct dimensional analysis setup to convert 65.3 kg to micrograms?

$$65.3\ kg \times \frac{1000\ g}{1\ kg} \times \frac{10^6$\ \mu g}{1\ g}$$

Q: A sapphire weighs 330. carats. What is its mass in grams? ($$1\ carat = 200\ mg)$$

$$330\ carats \times 200\ mg/carat \times \frac{1\ g}{1000\ mg} = 66.0\ g$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best distinguishes an element from a compound?

Accepted Answer

Elements are made up of only one type of atom, while compounds are made up of two or more different types of atoms bonded together.

Question 2

A sample of sodium metal is burned in chlorine gas, producing 0.573 g of sodium chloride. How many milligrams of sodium chloride are produced?

Accepted Answer

$$0.573 	imes 10^3$ = 573 mg$$

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct formula to convert Celsius temperature to Kelvin?

Accepted Answer

$$K = ^\circ C + 273.15$$

Question 4

A platinum ring has a mass of 44.43 g and displaces 2.07 mL of water. What is its density in $$g/cm^3$$? (Assume $$1 mL = 1 cm^3$)

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{44.43\ g}{2.07\ cm^3$} = 21.47\ g/cm^3$

Question 5

Which of the following numbers has 4 significant figures?

Accepted Answer

0.05930

Question 6

A child has a temperature of $$40.00^\circ C. $$What is the temperature in Fahrenheit?

Accepted Answer

$$^\circ F = 1.8 	imes 40.00 + 32 = 104.0^\circ F$$

Question 7

Which SI prefix represents a factor of $$10^{-6}$$?

Accepted Answer

micro

Question 8

A car averages 35 miles per gallon of gasoline. How many liters of gasoline are needed for a trip of 450 km? ($$1\ mile = 1.609\ km$$, $$1\ gal = 3.78\ L)$$

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{450\ km}{1.609\ km/mile} 	imes \frac{1\ gal}{35\ miles} 	imes 3.78\ L/gal = 30\ L$$

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a correct rule for significant figures?

Accepted Answer

All zeroes in a number are always significant.

Question 10

A patient has 232 mg of cholesterol per 100.0 mL of blood. If the patient has 5.2 L of blood, how many grams of cholesterol are present?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{232\ mg}{100.0\ mL} 	imes 5200\ mL 	imes \frac{1\ g}{1000\ mg} = 12.1\ g$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a compound?

Accepted Answer

NaHCO$$_3$$

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct dimensional analysis setup to convert 65.3 kg to micrograms?

Accepted Answer

$$65.3\ kg 	imes \frac{1000\ g}{1\ kg} 	imes \frac{10^6$\ \mu g}{1\ g}$$

Question 13

A sapphire weighs 330. carats. What is its mass in grams? ($$1\ carat = 200\ mg)$$

Accepted Answer

$$330\ carats 	imes 200\ mg/carat 	imes \frac{1\ g}{1000\ mg} = 66.0\ g$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{m}{V}$$

Question 15

Which temperature scale is most commonly used in scientific measurements?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Question 16

If you multiply 2.345 (3 decimal places) by 0.21 (2 significant figures), how many significant figures should your answer have?

Accepted Answer

2 significant figures

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct conversion factor for inches to centimeters?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ inch = 2.54\ cm$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between the metric and English systems of measurement?

Accepted Answer

The metric system is based on powers of 10 and is used by scientists worldwide, while the English system uses arbitrary units and is mainly used in the United States.

Chapter 1: Matter, Measurements, and Problem Solving – General Chemistry Study Notes

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