Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A catalyst provides an alternative pathway with lower activation energy, increasing the reaction rate.

Question 2

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in 100.0 g of water. Which term best describes this mixture?

Accepted Answer

NaCl is the solute and water is the solvent.

Question 3

Which intermolecular force is strongest between molecules of CH$$_3OH ($$methanol) in water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 4

A student dissolves KBr in water. How many particles will each unit of KBr break into when dissolved?

Accepted Answer

2 particles

Question 5

Which of the following statements about colligative properties is correct?

Accepted Answer

Colligative properties depend only on the number of dissolved particles.

Question 6

A reaction has a rate law: $$	ext{Rate} = k[NO_2$]^2. If $$the concentration of NO$$_2 is $$doubled, what happens to the rate?

Accepted Answer

The rate increases by a factor of four.

Question 7

Which equation represents Raoult’s Law for the vapor pressure of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$P_{solution} = X_{solvent} \cdot P^0$_{solvent}$$

Question 8

Which factor will increase the solubility of a gas in water?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the pressure above the water

Question 9

A reaction has a rate constant $$k$$ with units of $$	ext{M}^{-1}	ext{s}^{-1}. $$What is the order of the reaction?

Accepted Answer

Second order

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a supersaturated solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution that contains more solute than it can normally dissolve at a given temperature

Question 11

Which equation is used to calculate the solubility of a gas in a liquid using Henry’s Law?

Accepted Answer

$$C = k_H \cdot P$$

Question 12

A reaction energy diagram shows a peak between reactants and products. What does this peak represent?

Accepted Answer

The transition state

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects reaction rate?

Accepted Answer

Color of the reactants

Question 14

If a reaction is first order in A, which integrated rate law should be used to relate concentration and time?

Accepted Answer

$$\ln([A]_t) = -kt + \ln([A]_0)$$

Question 15

A reaction mechanism consists of two steps: Step 1 (slow): $$A + B \rightarrow C$$, Step 2 (fast): $$C \rightarrow D. $$Which species is an intermediate?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the molecularity of the elementary step $$2A \rightarrow B$$?

Accepted Answer

Bimolecular

Question 17

A reaction has a half-life of 10 minutes and is first order. If the initial concentration is 0.80 M, what will the concentration be after 20 minutes?

Accepted Answer

0.20 M

Question 18

Which equation is used to relate the rate constant to activation energy and temperature according to the Arrhenius equation?

Accepted Answer

$$k = A e$$^{-E_a/(RT)}$$

Question 19

A student wants to determine the order of a reaction with respect to reactant X using concentration vs. time data. Which method should they use?

Accepted Answer

Integrated rate law analysis

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of a colligative property affecting daily life?

Accepted Answer

Salt is added to icy roads to lower the freezing point of water.

Chapter 14 & 15 Study Guide: Solutions and Chemical Kinetics

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