Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar chemical properties?

Accepted Answer

They have similar numbers of valence electrons due to similar electronic structures.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct ground-state electron configuration for the element phosphorus ($$Z = 15) $$using spdf notation?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$\ $$3p^3$$

Question 3

Which of the following elements is expected to have the highest first ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

Neon ($$Ne)$$

Question 4

What is the correct noble gas (short-hand) electron configuration for zinc ($$Zn$$, $$Z=30$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$[Ar]\ 4s^2$\ 3d$$^{10}$$

Question 5

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with argon ($$Ar$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$K^+$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the trend in atomic radius across a period from left to right?

Accepted Answer

Atomic radius decreases due to increasing effective nuclear charge.

Question 7

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

Accepted Answer

Iron ($$Fe)$$

Question 8

Which of the following electron configurations violates the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$\ $$3p^6$$\ $$4s^2$$\ $$3d^{10}$$\ $$4p^7$$

Question 9

Which of the following ions has the largest ionic radius?

Accepted Answer

$$F^-$$

Question 10

Which of the following elements is expected to be diamagnetic in its ground state?

Accepted Answer

Neon ($$Ne)$$

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for the $$Cu^+$$ ion, considering the exception in the d-block?

Accepted Answer

$$[Ar]\ 3d$$^{10}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why the first ionization energy decreases as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

The outermost electron is farther from the nucleus and more shielded.

Question 13

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a $$2+$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium ($$Mg)$$

Question 14

Which of the following statements about Hund’s Rule is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons occupy degenerate orbitals singly before pairing.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the location of the f-block elements on the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

The two rows below the main body of the periodic table

Question 16

A hospital patient is given an intravenous solution containing potassium ions. Which of the following is the correct ground-state electron configuration for the $$K^+$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$\ $$3p^6$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the trend in metallic character as you move from left to right across a period?

Accepted Answer

Metallic character decreases.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about core and valence electrons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons are responsible for chemical reactivity.

Question 19

Which of the following elements has the greatest electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine ($$F)$$

Question 20

A chemist is analyzing a sample and finds that it contains an ion with the electron configuration $$[Ne]\ 3s^2$\ 3p^6$. Which ion is it?

Accepted Answer

$$Cl^-$$

Chapter 3: Periodic Properties of the Elements – Study Guide

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