Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?

Accepted Answer

A law is a summary of observed behavior, while a theory explains why the behavior occurs.

Question 2

A student measures the mass of a sample as 12.30 g, 12.31 g, and 12.29 g in three trials. The true mass is 12.50 g. Which statement best describes the student’s measurements?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are precise but not accurate.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Iron rusting in moist air.

Question 4

A sample contains 2.50 g of sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}). $$What is the number of moles of $$\mathrm{NaCl} in $$the sample? ($$\mathrm{M_{NaCl}} = 58.44\ \mathrm{g/mol})$$

Accepted Answer

$$0.0428\ \mathrm{mol}$$

Question 5

Which property is intensive?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 6

A mixture of oil (density $$0.92\ \mathrm{g/cm^3$}) $$and water (density $$1.00\ \mathrm{g/cm^3$}) is $$poured into a container. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Oil will float on top of water.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for $$\mathrm{Cu} ($$Copper, atomic number 29), considering its known deviation from the Aufbau principle?

Accepted Answer

$$[\mathrm{Ar}]\ 4s^1$\ 3d$$^{10}$$

Question 8

Which of the following compounds is an electrolyte and will conduct electricity in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaCl} ($$sodium chloride)

Question 9

A 0.500 L solution contains $$0.250\ \mathrm{mol} of$$ $$\mathrm{$$KNO_3$$}. $$What is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.250\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the First Law of Thermodynamics is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy is conserved; it can be transferred or transformed but not created or destroyed.

Question 11

A gas sample at STP ($$0^\circ\mathrm{C}$$ and $$1\ \mathrm{atm}) $$occupies $$22.4\ \mathrm{L}. $$How many moles of gas are present?

Accepted Answer

$$1.00\ \mathrm{mol}$$

Question 12

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar, despite having polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 13

Which quantum number determines the shape of an orbital?

Accepted Answer

Angular momentum quantum number ($$l)$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction between $$\mathrm{Na_2SO_4}$$ and $$\mathrm{$$BaCl_2$$} in $$aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ba$$^{2+}$$}(aq) + \mathrm{SO_4$^{2-}}(aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{$$BaSO_4$$}(s)$$

Question 15

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine ($$\mathrm{F})$$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the Bohr model of the atom is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons move in fixed orbits with quantized energies around the nucleus.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for the hydrate copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$CuSO_4$$ \cdot 5H_2O}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct expression for the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = nRT$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a solution in which the solute is completely dissociated into ions?

Accepted Answer

A strong electrolyte

Question 20

Which molecule has a bond order of 2 according to its molecular orbital diagram?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{O_2$}$$

Comprehensive Study Guide for General Chemistry I & II

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