Q: A column of water and a column of mercury exert the same pressure. If the height of the mercury column is 76.0 cm and its density is $$13.6 \times 10^3$ \ \text{kg/m}^3$$, what is the height of the water column (density $$1.00 \times 10^3$ \ \text{kg/m}^3) $$needed to exert the same pressure?

$$h_{\text{water}} = 103 \ \text{cm}$$

Q: A 1.00 kg lead cylinder with a diameter of 4.10 cm exerts a pressure on the surface beneath it. What is the pressure in Torr?

$$7.43 \times 10^3$ \ \text{Torr}$$

Q: Which of the following is the correct value for the gas constant $$R$$ when using pressure in kPa and volume in liters?

$$8.314 \ \text{kPa L mol}^{-1} \text{K}^{-1}$$

Question 1

A column of water and a column of mercury exert the same pressure. If the height of the mercury column is 76.0 cm and its density is $$13.6 	imes 10^3$ \ 	ext{kg/m}^3$$, what is the height of the water column (density $$1.00 	imes 10^3$ \ 	ext{kg/m}^3) $$needed to exert the same pressure?

Accepted Answer

$$h_{	ext{water}} = 103 \ 	ext{cm}$$

Question 2

Which of the following best describes Boyle’s Law?

Accepted Answer

For a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature, the volume is inversely proportional to the pressure.

Question 3

A 1.00 kg lead cylinder with a diameter of 4.10 cm exerts a pressure on the surface beneath it. What is the pressure in Torr?

Accepted Answer

$$7.43 	imes 10^3$ \ 	ext{Torr}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct value for the gas constant $$R$$ when using pressure in kPa and volume in liters?

Accepted Answer

$$8.314 \ 	ext{kPa L mol}^{-1} 	ext{K}^{-1}$$

Question 5

A sample of $$13.7 \ 	ext{g} of$$ $$	ext{Cl}_2 is $$confined in a $$7.50 \ 	ext{L}$$ container at $$45^\circ 	ext{C}$$ and $$98.4 \ 	ext{kPa}. $$What is the volume occupied by the gas?

Accepted Answer

$$5.19 \ 	ext{L}$$

Question 6

Which statement about Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each component of a gas mixture exerts a pressure that it would exert if it were in the container alone.

Question 7

What is the density of oxygen gas ($$	ext{O}_2) at$$ $$298 \ 	ext{K}$$ and $$0.987 \ 	ext{bar}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$1.27 \ 	ext{g/L}$$

Question 8

A mixture contains $$0.50 \ 	ext{mol} of$$ $$	ext{H}_2$$ and $$1.25 \ 	ext{mol} of He in a$$ $$5.0 \ 	ext{L}$$ container at $$20^\circ 	ext{C}. $$What is the total pressure exerted by the mixture?

Accepted Answer

$$8.4 \ 	ext{bar}$$

Question 9

According to Graham’s Law, the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to:

Accepted Answer

The square root of its molar mass

Question 10

Which equation best represents the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature for an ideal gas?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = nRT$$

Question 11

A gas sample is collected over water at $$25^\circ 	ext{C}$$ and the total pressure is $$98.4 \ 	ext{kPa}. If $$the vapor pressure of water at $$25^\circ 	ext{C} is$$ $$3.17 \ 	ext{kPa}$$, what is the partial pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

$$95.23 \ 	ext{kPa}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles exert attractive forces on each other.

Question 13

What is the root-mean-square speed ($$u_{	ext{rms}}) of a $$gas molecule dependent on?

Accepted Answer

Temperature and molar mass

Question 14

Which equation is used to calculate the density of a gas using the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

$$\rho = \frac{MP}{RT}$$

Question 15

A gas sample undergoes a change in temperature from $$273 \ 	ext{K} to$$ $$373 \ 	ext{K} at $$constant pressure. According to Charles’s Law, what happens to the volume?

Accepted Answer

The volume increases proportionally with temperature.

Question 16

Which equation is used to determine the molar mass of a gas from its mass, pressure, volume, and temperature?

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{mRT}{PV}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the behavior of real gases compared to ideal gases?

Accepted Answer

Real gases deviate from ideal behavior at high pressure and low temperature.

Question 18

Which equation is used to describe the behavior of nonideal (real) gases?

Accepted Answer

$$\left(P + \frac{a n^2$}{V^2$}\right)(V - nb) = nRT$$

Question 19

If 2 volumes of hydrogen gas react with 1 volume of oxygen gas to produce water, what volume of water vapor is formed (assuming all gases are measured at the same temperature and pressure)?

Accepted Answer

2 volumes

Comprehensive Study Notes on Gases – Properties, Laws, and Applications

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