Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for percent error?

$$ \frac{\text{Accepted} - \text{Measured}}{\text{Accepted}} \times 100 $$

Q: Which of the following is a correct example of a conversion factor?

$$ \frac{12 \text{ inches}}{1 \text{ foot}} $$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between an observation and an inference in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

An observation is information gathered by the senses, while an inference is an assumption based on observations and prior knowledge.

Question 2

A scientist measures the mass of a sample five times and gets the following values (in grams): 2.01, 2.00, 2.02, 2.01, 2.00. The accepted value is 2.50 g. Which statement best describes the accuracy and precision of these measurements?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are precise but not accurate.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct formula for percent error?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{	ext{Accepted} - 	ext{Measured}}{	ext{Accepted}} 	imes 100 $$

Question 4

A student records the following measurements: 3.5670, 100.34, and 233.1. What is the sum, rounded to the correct number of significant digits?

Accepted Answer

$$ 337.0 $$

Question 5

Which of the following zeros is NOT considered significant?

Accepted Answer

Leading zeros in a decimal number (e.g., 0.003)

Question 6

A hypothesis must be:

Accepted Answer

A testable prediction based on observations.

Question 7

In an experiment testing the effect of temperature on the number of hours people sleep, which is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The temperature

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct formula for standard deviation of a set of $$ N $$ measurements $$ x_i $$ with mean $$ \overline{x} $$?

Accepted Answer

$$ \sigma = \sqrt{\frac{1}{N} \sum_{i=1}^{N} (x_i - \overline{x})^2$} $$

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct example of a conversion factor?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{12 	ext{ inches}}{1 	ext{ foot}} $$

Question 10

A woman has been alive for 26.5 years. How many hours is this? (Use 365 days/year and 24 hours/day.)

Accepted Answer

$$ 232,000 $$ hours

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct scientific notation for the number 0.00000574?

Accepted Answer

$$ 5.74 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$ $$

Question 12

Which SI prefix corresponds to a factor of $$ 10$$^{-3}$$ $$?

Accepted Answer

milli-

Question 13

Which of the following is a base SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Meter (m)

Question 14

A measurement is recorded as $$ 1.37 \pm 0.05  cm. $$What does the $$ 0.05 $$ represent?

Accepted Answer

The uncertainty of the measurement

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a systematic error?

Accepted Answer

It is caused by poorly calibrated instruments or human error and affects accuracy.

Question 16

When multiplying $$ 2.9  (2 $$sig figs) by $$ 0.008  (1 $$sig fig), how many significant figures should the answer have?

Accepted Answer

1

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the scientific method as shown in the provided diagram?

Accepted Answer

Ask a question, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze data, draw conclusions, communicate results

Question 18

Which of the following statements about significant figures is correct?

Accepted Answer

Zeros between non-zero digits are always significant.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct way to express 1,342,365.1427 in scientific notation?

Accepted Answer

$$ 1.3423651427 	imes 10$$^{7}$$ $$

Question 20

A student adds 3.5670, 100.34, and 233.1. Which digit determines the place to which the sum should be rounded?

Accepted Answer

The tenths place

Foundations of Scientific Measurement and Analysis in General Chemistry

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