Question 1

Which of the following best explains why buffers are important in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

They maintain a stable pH, allowing enzymes and biological processes to occur efficiently.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a colligative property?

Accepted Answer

Solubility of a solute

Question 3

A student dissolves a small amount of salt in a large amount of water. What term best describes the water in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Solvent

Question 4

Which of the following is a conjugate acid-base pair in the reaction $$\mathrm{$$HCO_3$$^- + H_2O \rightarrow H_2CO_3 + OH^-}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$HCO_3$$^-}$$ \/ $$\mathrm{H_2CO_3}$$

Question 5

How do you define a Bronsted base?

Accepted Answer

A substance that accepts a proton ($$\mathrm{H^+})$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

Strong acid

Question 7

When a dynamic equilibrium is reached in a chemical reaction, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

Question 8

If a cell is in a solution with a higher concentration of solute particles compared to the inside of the cell, what is likely to happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink.

Question 9

What color change will occur if water ($$\mathrm{H_2O}) is $$added to the equilibrium $$\mathrm{Cr_2O_7$$^{2-}$$ (aq) + 2OH^- (aq) \rightleftharpoons 2CrO_4$$^{2-}$$ (aq) + H_2O (l)}$$?

Accepted Answer

The color shifts from orange to yellow.

Question 10

Which substance is the most acidic based on the following pH values: Tomato Juice (4.2), Baking Soda (8.3), Lemonade (2.5), Vinegar (3.0)?

Accepted Answer

Lemonade

Question 11

An enzyme acts as a biochemical catalyst by:

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the activation energy of the reaction.

Question 12

When the temperature of a solution is lowered, what typically happens to the solubility of a gas?

Accepted Answer

The solubility increases.

Question 13

Which of the following is an Arrhenius acid?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$HNO_3$$}$$

Question 14

Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 25.6 g of KCl (molar mass = 74.6 g/mol) in enough water to make 500 mL of solution.

Accepted Answer

$$0.344\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about strong acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Strong acids completely dissociate in water.

Question 17

If the concentration of a solute in a solution is increased, what happens to the vapor pressure of the solution?

Accepted Answer

The vapor pressure decreases.

Question 18

Which of the following is a Bronsted acid?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$HNO_3$$}$$

Question 19

A student wants to increase the solubility of a solid solute in water. What should they do?

Accepted Answer

Increase the temperature.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the relationship between temperature and solubility of gases in water?

Accepted Answer

Solubility of gases decreases as temperature increases.

General Chemistry Exam Review: Chemical Reactions, Solutions, Acids & Bases, and Equilibrium

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