Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the volumes of real gases often exceed those calculated by the ideal gas equation?

Accepted Answer

The volumes of the molecules in real gases

Question 2

In a constant pressure calorimeter, 0.50 g of MgSO$$_4 is $$dissolved in 10.0 mL of water and $$	riangle T is $$measured. What is the system in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The dissolution of magnesium sulfate $$\mathrm{MgSO}_4(s) \rightarrow \mathrm{Mg}^{2+}(aq) + \mathrm{SO}_4$$^{2-}$$(aq)$$

Question 3

Which of the following depicts an open system? (Refer to the first two images provided, where the left image shows a container open to the atmosphere and the right image shows a container sealed with double walls.)

Accepted Answer

The left image (container open to the atmosphere)

Question 4

Standard conditions in chemistry are defined by:

Accepted Answer

1 atm

Question 5

A process that does not change temperature is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Isothermal

Question 6

What is the root mean square speed ($$u_{rms}) $$for nitrogen gas at 25 $$^\circC$$? (Use $$M = 28.0 g/$$mol for N$$_2$$ and $$R = 8.314 J/$$mol·K)

Accepted Answer

515 m/s

Question 7

Pressure can be expressed in SI units as:

Accepted Answer

Energy per volume

Question 8

For 1.0 L at 1.0 atm and 25 $$^\circC$$, how do the number of moles ($$n) $$compare for CH$$_4$$, N$$_2$$, and CO$$_2 if $$all gases behave ideally?

Accepted Answer

$$n_{CH_4$} = n_{CO_2$} = n_{N_2$}$$

Question 9

For the reaction $$2\mathrm{H}_2(g) + \mathrm{O}_2(g) ightarrow 2\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}(g)$$, what is the sign of $$	riangle S_{sys}$$?

Accepted Answer

Negative

Question 10

84.12 g of gold at 256.3 $$^\circC is $$placed in 106.4 g of H$$_2O at 25.0$$ $$^\circC. $$Using the specific heat capacities from the provided table, what is the final temperature of the system?

Accepted Answer

30.5 $$^\circC$$

Question 11

Which of the following elements will diffuse approximately twice as quickly as titanium (Ti)? (Use Graham's law: $$\frac{r_1$}{r_2$} = \sqrt{\frac{M_2$}{M_1$}})$$

Accepted Answer

Mg

Question 12

What is the process called when ice crystals transition directly into water vapor?

Accepted Answer

Sublimation

Question 13

A zeroth order reaction starts with $$[A]_0 = 30 M. If $$the rate constant is $$k = 4 M$$·s$$^{-1}$$, what is the concentration of A after 5 seconds?

Accepted Answer

10 M

Question 14

Which situation is at standard conditions?

Accepted Answer

1 atm Cl$$_2$$ gas reacts with a mixture of 0.100 M KI and 0.100 M NaOH

Question 15

To calculate the energy required to increase the temperature of 5.032 g of a solution by 5 $$^\circC$$, which property of the solution is needed?

Accepted Answer

Specific heat, s

Question 16

Which of the following is a state function?

Accepted Answer

Pressure, P

Question 17

The device shown in the image with a glass bulb and a U-shaped tube containing mercury is specifically a(n):

Accepted Answer

Open-end manometer

Question 18

Using the manometer image, the device shows a 42 mm difference between the two ends of mercury, with the lower end toward a glass bulb and the higher end leading to the end of the tube. Atmospheric pressure is 749 mmHg. What is the pressure that should be read?

Accepted Answer

802 torr

Question 19

Based on the droplets sitting on a surface (refer to the image with two droplets, A and B), which substance, A or B, do you expect to be less viscous?

Accepted Answer

We can only tell that A has more surface tension than B

Question 20

Denisovan remains were found with a specific activity of 0.36 disintegrations per minute per gram of carbon. If the specific activity for living organisms is 15.3 d/min·g and the half-life of $$^{14}C is 5730 $$years, estimate the age of the bones. Use $$t = \frac{1}{k} \ln \left( \frac{A_0$}{A} \right)$$, where $$k = \frac{\ln 2}{t_{1/2}}.$$

Accepted Answer

31,600 years

General Chemistry Final Exam Study Guidance

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