Q: A solution is prepared by dissolving 5.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 250 mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? (Molar mass NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

$$M = \frac{5.0\ \text{g}}{58.44\ \text{g/mol} \times 0.250\ \text{L}} = 0.342\ \text{M}$$

Q: A reaction absorbs 150 J of heat and the temperature of the system increases by 5.0°C. If the mass of the system is 10.0 g and the specific heat is 3.0 J/g°C, what is the calculated heat using $$q = mc\Delta T$$?

$$q = (10.0\ \text{g})(3.0\ \text{J/g}^\circ\text{C})(5.0^\circ\text{C}) = 150\ \text{J}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

A change in composition resulting in the formation of new substances.

Question 2

Which statement correctly distinguishes intermolecular forces from intramolecular bonds?

Accepted Answer

Intermolecular forces are attractions between molecules, while intramolecular bonds are bonds within molecules.

Question 3

A sample of gas occupies 2.0 L at 1.0 atm and 300 K. What will its volume be at 2.0 atm and 600 K, assuming the amount of gas remains constant?

Accepted Answer

$$V_2$$ = \frac{$$P_1$$ $$V_1$$ $$T_2$$}{$$P_2$$ $$T_1$$} = \frac{(1.0)(2.0)(600)}{(2.0)(300)} = 2.0\ 	ext{L}$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about significant figures is correct?

Accepted Answer

Zeros to the right of a decimal point and after a nonzero digit are significant.

Question 5

Millikan's oil drop experiment was crucial in determining which fundamental property?

Accepted Answer

The charge of the electron.

Question 6

A compound contains 40% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass. What is its empirical formula?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_2O$

Question 7

Which equation correctly relates the energy of a photon to its frequency?

Accepted Answer

$$E = h 
u$$

Question 8

Which of the following electron configurations represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion principle?

Accepted Answer

Two electrons in the same orbital with the same spin ($$\uparrow\uparrow)$$

Question 9

Which trend is observed for atomic radius as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Atomic radius increases due to addition of electron shells.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

They have strong electrostatic attractions between ions.

Question 11

What is the electron domain geometry and molecular geometry of CO$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Electron domain geometry: linear; Molecular geometry: linear

Question 12

Which intermolecular force is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 13

What is the hybridization of the central atom in methane (CH$$_4$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for calcium nitrate?

Accepted Answer

Ca(NO$$_3$$)$$_2$$

Question 15

Which type of chemical reaction is represented by the following equation? $$2KClO_3 \rightarrow 2KCl + 3O_2$$

Accepted Answer

Decomposition

Question 16

A solution is prepared by dissolving 5.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 250 mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? (Molar mass NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{5.0\ 	ext{g}}{58.44\ 	ext{g/mol} 	imes 0.250\ 	ext{L}} = 0.342\ 	ext{M}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

HNO$$_3$$

Question 18

What is the oxidation state of sulfur in H$$_2SO$_4$$?

Accepted Answer

+6

Question 19

A reaction absorbs 150 J of heat and the temperature of the system increases by 5.0°C. If the mass of the system is 10.0 g and the specific heat is 3.0 J/g°C, what is the calculated heat using $$q = mc\Delta T$$?

Accepted Answer

$$q = (10.0\ 	ext{g})(3.0\ 	ext{J/g}^\circ	ext{C})(5.0^\circ	ext{C}) = 150\ 	ext{J}$$

General Chemistry I: Comprehensive Study Guide

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

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