Question 1

Which atom in each pair is larger: Li and Na, Li and Li+, and F and F−? Explain your choice based on periodic trends and ionic size.

Accepted Answer

Na is larger than Li; Li+ is smaller than Li; F− is larger than F

Question 2

Which of the following best explains why atomic radius decreases across a period from left to right?

Accepted Answer

The effective nuclear charge increases, pulling electrons closer to the nucleus.

Question 3

Which of the following ions has the largest ionic radius: Na+, Mg2+, F−, or O2−?

Accepted Answer

O2−

Question 4

What is the force of attraction between ions in an ionic compound called?

Accepted Answer

Electrostatic force

Question 5

Which bond is the most polar among the following: $$\mathrm{C-H}$$, $$\mathrm{N-H}$$, $$\mathrm{O-H}$$, $$\mathrm{F-H}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{F-H}$$

Question 6

Which of the following substances contains a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 7

Graphite is used as a flux in aluminum smelting. Given the formula $$\mathrm{Na_3AlF_6}$$, which element is the central atom in the Lewis structure?

Accepted Answer

Al

Question 8

Which molecule has a trigonal planar geometry based on its Lewis structure?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{SO_3$}$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about resonance structures is correct?

Accepted Answer

Resonance structures are used to represent delocalized electrons within a molecule.

Question 10

Which bond is the longest: $$\mathrm{C\equiv C}$$, $$\mathrm{C=C}$$, $$\mathrm{C-C}$$, $$\mathrm{C-F}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C-C}$$

Question 11

Which molecule has a bond angle closest to $$120^\circ$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{SO_3$}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the polarity of $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar molecule with polar bonds

Question 13

Which of the following molecules is expected to have no dipole moment?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{F} is $$more electronegative than $$\mathrm{O}$$?

Accepted Answer

F has a higher effective nuclear charge and smaller atomic radius

Question 15

Which of the following molecules has a bent geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the bond in $$\mathrm{NaCl}$$?

Accepted Answer

Ionic

Question 17

Which of the following molecules has a tetrahedral geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_4$}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the Lewis structure of $$\mathrm{OCS}$$?

Accepted Answer

O=C=S with double bonds to both O and S

Question 19

Which of the following molecules is expected to have the largest bond angle?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the electron geometry of $$\mathrm{BF_3$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Trigonal planar

General Chemistry Study Guide: Atomic Structure, Bonding, and Molecular Geometry

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