Q: A solution is prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 250 mL of solution. What is the molarity ($$M) of $$the solution? (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

$$M = \frac{10.0\ \text{g}}{58.44\ \text{g/mol}} \div 0.250\ \text{L} = 0.684\ \text{M}$$

Q: A 0.20 M solution of CaCl$$_2 is $$prepared. What is the concentration of Cl$$^-$$ ions in the solution?

$$[\text{Cl}^-] = 2 \times 0.20\ \text{M} = 0.40\ \text{M}$$

Q: Which of the following is a correct net ionic equation for the reaction between HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq)?

$$\text{H}^+(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$$

Q: A student dilutes 50.0 mL of 2.00 M HCl to a final volume of 200.0 mL. What is the new concentration?

$$M_2$$ = \frac{$$M_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$V_2$$} = \frac{2.00 \times 50.0}{200.0} = 0.50\ \text{M}$$

Q: According to Einstein’s theory, what is the energy of a photon with a frequency of $$6.0 \times 10$$^{14}$$ Hz? (h = 6.626$$ \times $$10^{-34} J$$·s)

$$E = h \nu = 6.626 \times 10$$^{-34}$$ \times 6.0 \times 10$$^{14}$$ = 3.98 \times 10$$^{-19}$$\ \text{J}$$

Q: What is the wavelength ($$\lambda) $$associated with an electron moving at $$2.0 \times 10^6$ m/s? (m_e = 9.11$$ \times $$10^{-31} kg$$, $$h = 6.626 \times 10$$^{-34}$$ J·s)

$$\lambda = \frac{h}{mv} = \frac{6.626 \times 10$$^{-34}$$}{9.11 \times 10$$^{-31}$$ \times 2.0 \times 10^6$} = 3.63 \times 10$$^{-10}$$\ \text{m}$$

Question 1

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 250 mL of solution. What is the molarity ($$M) of $$the solution? (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{10.0\ 	ext{g}}{58.44\ 	ext{g/mol}} \div 0.250\ 	ext{L} = 0.684\ 	ext{M}$$

Question 2

Which of the following statements correctly describes a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A strong electrolyte fully dissociates into ions in aqueous solution.

Question 3

A 0.20 M solution of CaCl$$_2 is $$prepared. What is the concentration of Cl$$^-$$ ions in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[	ext{Cl}^-] = 2 	imes 0.20\ 	ext{M} = 0.40\ 	ext{M}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct net ionic equation for the reaction between HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq)?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{H}^+(aq) + 	ext{OH}^-(aq) ightarrow 	ext{H}_2	ext{O}(l)$$

Question 5

Which of the following compounds is most likely to form a precipitate when mixed with a solution of AgNO$$_3$$?

Accepted Answer

NaCl

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct formula for the salt formed in the reaction between H$$_2SO$_4$$ and KOH?

Accepted Answer

K$$_2SO$_4$$

Question 7

A student dilutes 50.0 mL of 2.00 M HCl to a final volume of 200.0 mL. What is the new concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$M_2$$ = \frac{$$M_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$V_2$$} = \frac{2.00 	imes 50.0}{200.0} = 0.50\ 	ext{M}$$

Question 8

Which of the following is a strong base?

Accepted Answer

Ba(OH)$$_2$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of the oxidizing agent in a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

The oxidizing agent is reduced and causes oxidation of another species.

Question 10

Which of the following metals can reduce Zn$$^{2+}$$ ions in solution, according to the reactivity series?

Accepted Answer

Ca(s)

Question 11

According to Einstein’s theory, what is the energy of a photon with a frequency of $$6.0 	imes 10$$^{14}$$ Hz? (h = 6.626$$ 	imes $$10^{-34} J$$·s)

Accepted Answer

$$E = h 
u = 6.626 	imes 10$$^{-34}$$ 	imes 6.0 	imes 10$$^{14}$$ = 3.98 	imes 10$$^{-19}$$\ 	ext{J}$$

Question 12

Which quantum number determines the shape of an atomic orbital?

Accepted Answer

Angular momentum quantum number ($$l)$$

Question 13

What is the wavelength ($$\lambda) $$associated with an electron moving at $$2.0 	imes 10^6$ m/s? (m_e = 9.11$$ 	imes $$10^{-31} kg$$, $$h = 6.626 	imes 10$$^{-34}$$ J·s)

Accepted Answer

$$\lambda = \frac{h}{mv} = \frac{6.626 	imes 10$$^{-34}$$}{9.11 	imes 10$$^{-31}$$ 	imes 2.0 	imes 10^6$} = 3.63 	imes 10$$^{-10}$$\ 	ext{m}$$

Question 14

Which set of quantum numbers is valid for an electron in a 3p orbital?

Accepted Answer

$$n=3,\ l=1,\ m_l=0,\ m_s=+\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 15

Which principle explains why electrons fill the lowest energy subshells first?

Accepted Answer

Aufbau Principle

Question 16

Which element has the largest atomic radius among the following?

Accepted Answer

K

Question 17

What is the ground-state electron configuration for Mn$$^{2+}$$?

Accepted Answer

[Ar] 3d$$^5$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about lattice energy is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lattice energy increases as the charge of the ions increases and the size of the ions decreases.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the Born-Haber cycle for the formation of NaCl?

Accepted Answer

It is a series of steps that includes sublimation, ionization, dissociation, electron affinity, and lattice energy to calculate the enthalpy of formation.

General Chemistry Study Notes: Solutions, Atomic Structure, and Ionic Bonding

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