Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A law summarizes a series of related observations; a theory gives the underlying reasons for them.

Question 2

A sample of matter is observed to have a fixed shape and volume. Its particles are closely packed and only vibrate in place. Which state of matter is being described?

Accepted Answer

Solid

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

A glass of sweetened tea

Question 4

Which process is best for separating a mixture of sand and salt water?

Accepted Answer

Filtration

Question 5

Which of the following changes is a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Iron rusting in moist air

Question 6

A student heats a sample of water from 25 °C to 100 °C. Which type of energy is primarily increasing in the water?

Accepted Answer

Thermal energy

Question 7

Which temperature scale does NOT allow for negative values?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Question 8

Convert 40.00 °C to Kelvin using the correct formula.

Accepted Answer

$$K = 40.00 + 273.15 = 313.15\ \mathrm{K}$$

Question 9

A platinum ring has a mass of 3.15 g and displaces 0.233 cm$$^3 of $$water. What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{3.15\ \mathrm{g}}{0.233\ \mathrm{cm}^3} = 13.5\ \mathrm{g/cm}^3$$

Question 10

Which of the following is an intensive property?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 11

A student observes that a metal cube with an edge of 11.4 mm has a mass of 6.67 g. What is the density of the metal in g/cm$$^3$$? (1 cm = 10 mm)

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{6.67\ \mathrm{g}}{(1.14\ \mathrm{cm})^3$} = 4.53\ \mathrm{g/cm}^3$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a derived SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Cubic meter ($$\mathrm{m}^3)$$

Question 13

Which prefix multiplier is most appropriate for reporting a measurement of $$5.57 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ m?

Accepted Answer

micro

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the energy transformation when a weight is dropped from a building?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy and then to thermal energy.

Question 15

Which of the following is a physical property?

Accepted Answer

Melting point

Question 16

A student observes that when propane gas burns, it forms carbon dioxide and water. What type of change is this?

Accepted Answer

Chemical change

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why gases are compressible while solids are not?

Accepted Answer

The atoms or molecules in a gas are widely spaced, while those in a solid are closely packed.

Question 18

Which of the following is a compound?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O})$$

Question 19

A sample of copper is heated from room temperature to 95 °C. What happens to its density?

Accepted Answer

The sample expands and its density decreases.

Introduction to General Chemistry: Matter, Properties, and Measurement

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