Question 1

Which of the following best explains why sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}) $$conducts electricity when molten but not as a solid?

Accepted Answer

The ions in solid $$\mathrm{NaCl}$$ are locked in a rigid lattice and cannot move, but in the molten state, ions are free to move and carry charge.

Question 2

Which of the following correctly describes the octet rule as it applies to main group elements?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a total of 8 valence electrons in their outer shell.

Question 3

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with neon ($$\mathrm{Ne}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{F^-}$$

Question 4

A sample of magnesium reacts with chlorine to form magnesium chloride. What is the correct formula for this compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$MgCl_2$$}$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a metallic bond?

Accepted Answer

An attraction between free-floating valence electrons and positively charged metal ions.

Question 6

Which of the following compounds contains a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca_3$(PO_4$)_2}$$

Question 7

What is the correct name for $$\mathrm{$$FeCl_3$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) chloride

Question 8

Which of the following statements about ionic compounds is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

They conduct electricity in the solid state.

Question 9

Which of the following ions would be formed by an atom of sulfur?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{S$$^{2-}$$}$$

Question 10

A student is asked to write the formula for aluminum sulfate. Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Al_2$(SO_4$)_3}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why metals are good conductors of electricity?

Accepted Answer

Metals have free-floating valence electrons that can move throughout the structure.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct electron dot structure for a chloride ion ($$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Cl}$$ surrounded by 8 dots and a negative sign

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of alloys that makes them useful in real-world applications?

Accepted Answer

They can have improved strength and resistance to corrosion compared to pure metals.

Question 14

Which of the following formulas represents a compound that is neutral overall?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K_2O}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between a cation and an anion?

Accepted Answer

A cation is positively charged and formed by losing electrons; an anion is negatively charged and formed by gaining electrons.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{Mg_3N_2}$$?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium nitride

Question 17

A sample of potassium reacts with oxygen to form an ionic compound. What is the correct formula for this compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K_2O}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about polyatomic ions?

Accepted Answer

They are covalently bonded groups of atoms that carry a net charge.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds are brittle?

Accepted Answer

When a force is applied, like-charged ions are forced next to each other and repel, causing the crystal to shatter.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for ammonium sulfate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(NH_4$)_2SO_4}$$

Ionic Compounds and Metals: Structure, Properties, and Nomenclature

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