Q: A patient with hypertension is advised to limit sodium intake. If sodium chloride (NaCl) is 39% sodium by mass, how many grams of NaCl can a patient consume to stay under a 2.0 g sodium limit?

$$2.0 \text{ g} \times \frac{100 \text{ g NaCl}}{39 \text{ g Na}} = 5.13 \text{ g NaCl}$$

Q: A 10.0 g sample of CCl$$_2F$_2$$ contains how many grams of chlorine? (Molar mass CCl$$_2F$_2 = 120.91 g/$$mol)

$$10.0 \text{ g} \times \frac{2 \times 35.45 \text{ g/mol}}{120.91 \text{ g/mol}} = 5.86 \text{ g}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why water (H$$_2O) $$has very different properties from its constituent elements, hydrogen and oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Water is a compound, and the chemical bonding between hydrogen and oxygen creates a new substance with unique properties.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about ionic and molecular compounds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compounds are composed of a lattice of cations and anions, while molecular compounds are composed of discrete molecules.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct empirical formula for a compound with the molecular formula C$$_4H$_{10}$$?

Accepted Answer

C$$_2H$_5$$

Question 4

A patient with hypertension is advised to limit sodium intake. If sodium chloride (NaCl) is 39% sodium by mass, how many grams of NaCl can a patient consume to stay under a 2.0 g sodium limit?

Accepted Answer

$$2.0 	ext{ g} 	imes \frac{100 	ext{ g NaCl}}{39 	ext{ g Na}} = 5.13 	ext{ g NaCl}$$

Question 5

Which of the following compounds is a molecular element?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 6

What is the correct name for the compound Fe$$_2O$_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) oxide

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between an empirical formula and a molecular formula?

Accepted Answer

An empirical formula shows the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms, while a molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

Question 8

A 0.500 g sample of a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen produces 1.65 g CO$$_2$$ and 0.675 g H$$_2O $$upon combustion. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3$$

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct formula for the ionic compound formed between aluminum and sulfate?

Accepted Answer

Al$$_2(SO$_4$$)$$_3$$

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct name for the acid H$$_2SO$_3(aq$$)?

Accepted Answer

Sulfurous acid

Question 11

A sample of a compound contains 40.0% C, 6.7% H, and 53.3% O by mass. If the molar mass is 180 g/mol, what is the molecular formula?

Accepted Answer

C$$_6H$_{12}O$_6$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

NO$$_3^-$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a hydrate?

Accepted Answer

A compound that contains a specific number of water molecules associated with each formula unit.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for copper(II) nitrate?

Accepted Answer

Cu(NO$$_3$$)$$_2$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a functionalized hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3CH$_2OH$$

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for dinitrogen pentoxide?

Accepted Answer

N$$_2O$_5$$

Question 17

A 10.0 g sample of CCl$$_2F$_2$$ contains how many grams of chlorine? (Molar mass CCl$$_2F$_2 = 120.91 g/$$mol)

Accepted Answer

$$10.0 	ext{ g} 	imes \frac{2 	imes 35.45 	ext{ g/mol}}{120.91 	ext{ g/mol}} = 5.86 	ext{ g}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for the compound N$$_2O$_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen tetroxide

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calcium phosphate?

Accepted Answer

Ca$$_3(PO$_4$$)$$_2$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of combustion analysis?

Accepted Answer

A compound is burned in oxygen, and the masses of CO$$_2$$ and H$$_2O $$produced are measured to determine the empirical formula.

Chapter 03. Molecules and Compounds

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