Question 1

Which of the following best explains why atomic radius decreases as you move from left to right across a period in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

The effective nuclear charge increases, pulling electrons closer to the nucleus.

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents the second ionization energy of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{O^+\ (g)\ +\ e^-\ \rightarrow\ O$$^{2+}$$\ (g)}$$

Question 3

Which element must be stored submerged in oil due to its high reactivity with air and water?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Question 4

As you move down a group in the periodic table, what happens to the first ionization energy and why?

Accepted Answer

It decreases because electrons are farther from the nucleus and more shielded.

Question 5

Which of the following ions has the largest radius?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{S$$^{2-}$$}$$

Question 6

Which electron configuration corresponds to the atom with the most negative electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$\ $$3p^5$$

Question 7

Which of the following correctly lists the five atoms in order of increasing atomic radius (smallest to largest)?

Accepted Answer

Ne \u003c O \u003c S \u003c Si \u003c Ge

Question 8

Which orbital does an electron in a copper atom experience the greatest effective nuclear charge?

Accepted Answer

$$1s$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a metalloid?

Accepted Answer

Si

Question 10

Which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 11

What is the correct formula for the salt formed between $$\mathrm{Ca$$^{2+}$$}$$ and $$\mathrm{PO_4$^{3-}}$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca_3$(PO_4$)_2}$$

Question 12

Which of the following compounds is named correctly?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K_2S}$$: potassium sulfide

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct condensed electron configuration for argon (element 18)?

Accepted Answer

$$[Ne]3s^2$ 3p^6$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$$?

Accepted Answer

Sulfuric acid

Question 15

Which of the following elements reacts with fluorine to form an ionic compound with the formula $$\mathrm{M$$^{3+}$$F_3$$}$, and has 21 electrons in its ion?

Accepted Answer

Scandium ($$\mathrm{Sc})$$

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for ammonium carbonate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(NH_4$)_2CO_3}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the trend in electron affinity as you move across a period from left to right?

Accepted Answer

Electron affinity becomes increasingly negative.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{N_2O_5}$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen pentoxide

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the composition of cathode rays?

Accepted Answer

They are negatively charged particles.

Question 20

Which of the following elements will occur as diatomic molecules in elemental form?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine

Periodic Trends, Atomic Structure, and Nomenclature: General Chemistry Study Guide

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