Question 1

Which of the following best explains why aluminum is classified as a low-density metal?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum atoms have relatively few protons and neutrons compared to their volume, resulting in low mass per unit volume.

Question 2

According to the periodic trend, which element has the largest atomic radius among the following: $$\mathrm{Sr}$$, $$\mathrm{Ba}$$, or $$\mathrm{Se}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ba}$$

Question 3

Which of the following electron configurations represents a noble gas?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$

Question 4

Which of the following ions has the smallest ionic radius: $$\mathrm{K^+}$$, $$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$, $$\mathrm{S$$^{2-}$$}$$, or $$\mathrm{Ca$$^{2+}$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca$$^{2+}$$}$$

Question 5

Which of the following elements has the highest first ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Se}$$

Question 6

Given the electron configuration $$[Ar]\ 4s^2$\ 3d^3$, which element does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Vanadium ($$\mathrm{V})$$

Question 7

Which of the following pairs of elements are in the same group on the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K}$$\ and\ \mathrm{Rb}$

Question 8

Which of the following has the most negative electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Cl}$$

Question 9

Using only the periodic table, which of the following has the largest atomic radius: $$\mathrm{As} or$$ $$\mathrm{Sb}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Sb}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the meaning of 'valence electrons'?

Accepted Answer

Electrons that are lost, gained, or shared in chemical reactions

Question 11

Which of the following elements is most likely to be diamagnetic?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Zn}$$

Question 12

Which equation correctly expresses Coulomb's Law for the force between two charges?

Accepted Answer

$$F = \frac{1}{4\pi\$$varepsilon_0$$} \frac{q_1$ q_2$}{r^2$}$$

Question 13

Which of the following ions has the same electron configuration as $$\mathrm{Ar}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$

Question 14

Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Se}$$

Question 15

Which of the following species is isoelectronic with $$\mathrm{Br^-}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Kr}$$

Question 16

Which of the following elements has the largest effective nuclear charge ($$Z_{\mathrm{eff}}) $$for its valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Cl}$$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about electron affinity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electron affinity is the energy released when an atom gains an electron.

Question 18

Which of the following elements has the highest second ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na}$$

Question 19

Which of the following ions has the largest ionic radius: $$\mathrm{P$$^{3-}$$}$$, $$\mathrm{V$$^{5+}$$}$$, $$\mathrm{Br^-}$$, or $$\mathrm{Se$$^{2-}$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{P$$^{3-}$$}$$

Question 20

Which of the following elements is most likely to have a partially filled d-orbital in its ground state?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Fe}$$

Periodic Trends, Electron Configuration, and Atomic Structure: Study Notes

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