Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains the photoelectric effect observed when light shines on a metal surface?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are ejected only if the frequency of the light exceeds a threshold value specific to the metal.

Question 2

A mercury streetlamp emits light with a frequency of $$6.00 	imes 10$$^{14}$$ Hz. What is the wavelength of this light in nanometers? (Speed of light c = 3.00$$ 	imes $$10^8 m/s)$$

Accepted Answer

$$500 nm$$

Question 3

Which equation correctly relates the speed of light ($$c$$), wavelength ($$\lambda$$), and frequency ($$
u) of $$electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

$$c = \lambda 
u$$

Question 4

According to the de Broglie hypothesis, what is the wavelength of an electron ($$m = 9.11 	imes 10$$^{-31}$$ kg) moving at 2.00$$ 	imes $$10^6 m/s$$? (Planck's constant $$h = 6.63 	imes 10$$^{-34}$$ J·s)

Accepted Answer

$$3.63 	imes 10$$^{-10}$$ m

Question 5

Which principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers?

Accepted Answer

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 6

For a 4p orbital, which set of quantum numbers is possible?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 4,\ l = 1,\ m_l = -1$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes Hund’s Rule?

Accepted Answer

Electrons in degenerate orbitals fill singly with parallel spins before pairing.

Question 8

Which quantum number determines the shape of an orbital?

Accepted Answer

Angular-momentum quantum number ($$l)$$

Question 9

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the $$3d$$ subshell?

Accepted Answer

10

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is impossible to know both the exact position and momentum of an electron simultaneously.

Question 11

Which orbital has a nodal plane passing through the nucleus and two lobes of high electron probability?

Accepted Answer

p orbital

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a ground-state oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^4$$

Question 13

Which quantum number(s) determine the energy of an orbital in a hydrogen atom?

Accepted Answer

Principal quantum number ($$n) $$only

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effective nuclear charge ($$Z_{	ext{eff}}) $$experienced by an electron in a multielectron atom?

Accepted Answer

It is the actual nuclear charge minus the shielding effect of other electrons.

Question 15

Which of the following transitions in a hydrogen atom emits the highest energy photon?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 3 \rightarrow n = 1$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a consequence of the quantization of energy in atoms?

Accepted Answer

Atoms emit light only at specific wavelengths, resulting in line spectra.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the Aufbau principle?

Accepted Answer

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first before moving to higher energy orbitals.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct set of quantum numbers for the last electron added to a ground-state sulfur atom?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 3,\ l = 1,\ m_l = 1,\ m_s = -\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 19

Which of the following statements about atomic radii across a period is correct?

Accepted Answer

Atomic radius decreases from left to right due to increasing effective nuclear charge.

Periodicity and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

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