Q: A student prepares 1.5 L of a 3.00 M solution of ethanol (molecular weight = 46.10 g/mol, density = 0.789 g/mL). How many grams of ethanol are required?

$$1.5 \ \mathrm{L} \times 3.00 \ \mathrm{mol/L} \times 46.10 \ \mathrm{g/mol} = 207.45 \ \mathrm{g}$$

Q: A 5.00 mL sample of 1.40 M NaOH is diluted to a final volume of 250.0 mL. What is the final concentration of NaOH?

$$M_2$$ = \frac{$$M_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$V_2$$} = \frac{1.40 \times 5.00}{250.0} = 0.028 \ \mathrm{M}$$

Q: A solution is prepared by mixing 10.0 mL of 0.500 M HCl with 40.0 mL of water. What is the final concentration of HCl?

$$C_2$$ = \frac{0.500 \times 10.0}{10.0 + 40.0} = 0.100 \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

A student prepares 1.5 L of a 3.00 M solution of ethanol (molecular weight = 46.10 g/mol, density = 0.789 g/mL). How many grams of ethanol are required?

Accepted Answer

$$1.5 \ \mathrm{L} 	imes 3.00 \ \mathrm{mol/L} 	imes 46.10 \ \mathrm{g/mol} = 207.45 \ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 2

Which of the following best describes what happens when NaCl dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

Na+ and Cl- ions are surrounded by water molecules and separated from each other.

Question 3

A 5.00 mL sample of 1.40 M NaOH is diluted to a final volume of 250.0 mL. What is the final concentration of NaOH?

Accepted Answer

$$M_2$$ = \frac{$$M_1$$ $$V_1$$}{$$V_2$$} = \frac{1.40 	imes 5.00}{250.0} = 0.028 \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 4

Which of the following compounds will form a precipitate when mixed with a solution of AgNO$$_3$$?

Accepted Answer

NaCl

Question 5

What is the net ionic equation for the reaction between Na$$_2CO$_3(aq) $$and CaCl$$_2(aq$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca}^{2+} (aq) + \mathrm{CO}_3$$^{2-}$$ (aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{CaCO}_3 (s)$$

Question 6

If 25.0 mL of 0.400 M Na$$_2CO$_3 is $$mixed with 25.0 mL of 0.350 M CaCl$$_2$$, what is the limiting reactant?

Accepted Answer

CaCl$$_2$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

NaCl

Question 8

Which of the following statements about dissolution of ionic compounds in water is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ions are separated and surrounded by water molecules due to ion-dipole interactions.

Question 9

Which of the following pairs will NOT result in a precipitation reaction when mixed?

Accepted Answer

KNO$$_3$$ and Na$$_2SO$_4$$

Question 10

A solution is prepared by mixing 10.0 mL of 0.500 M HCl with 40.0 mL of water. What is the final concentration of HCl?

Accepted Answer

$$C_2$$ = \frac{0.500 	imes 10.0}{10.0 + 40.0} = 0.100 \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction of HCl(aq) with NaOH(aq)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H}^+ (aq) + \mathrm{OH}^- (aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} (l)$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a Brønsted-Lowry acid?

Accepted Answer

A substance that donates a proton (H$$^+)$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct balanced molecular equation for the reaction of sulfuric acid with potassium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{SO}_4 (aq) + 2 \mathrm{KOH} (aq) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} (l) + \mathrm{K}_2\mathrm{SO}_4 (aq)$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a weak acid?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3$$COOH

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction between Pb(NO$$_3$$)$$_2(aq) $$and KI(aq)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Pb}^{2+} (aq) + 2 \mathrm{I}^- (aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{PbI}_2 (s)$$

Question 16

A 0.0500 L sample of 1.00 M solution of A reacts with 0.0650 L of 1.00 M solution of B according to the equation: $$A + 2B \rightarrow 2C. $$What is the theoretical yield of C in moles?

Accepted Answer

$$0.0500 \ \mathrm{mol} ($$since A is limiting, $$0.0500 \ \mathrm{mol} \ A 	imes \frac{2 \ \mathrm{mol} \ C}{1 \ \mathrm{mol} \ A} = 0.100 \ \mathrm{mol}$$, but B is in excess, so answer is $$0.100 \ \mathrm{mol})$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

The ions are free to move and carry charge in solution.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction of BaCl$$_2(aq) $$with Na$$_2SO$_4(aq$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ba}^{2+} (aq) + \mathrm{SO}_4$$^{2-}$$ (aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{BaSO}_4 (s)$$

Solution Stoichiometry and Precipitation Reactions: Study Notes

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